Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pob zeb diamond graphite thiab fullerene yog lub pob zeb diamond muaj lub pob zeb diamond cubic siv lead ua qauv thiab graphite muaj cov qauv siv lead ua hexagonal, thaum fullerene tshwm sim raws li qhov loj spheroidal molecule.
Pob zeb diamond, graphite thiab fullerene yog sib txawv allotropes ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg carbon. Tag nrho cov tebchaw no tsuas muaj cov pa roj carbon atoms hauv cov khoom sib xyaw xwb, tab sis kev npaj ntawm carbon atoms txawv ntawm ib leeg.
pob zeb diamond yog dab tsi?
Pob zeb diamond yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon, uas muaj cov pob zeb diamond cubic siv lead ua qauv. Nws yog nyob rau hauv solid-state ntawm tus qauv kub thiab siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws hardness ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab siab tshaj thermal conductivity ib yam nkaus. Pob zeb diamond poob rau hauv qeb ntawm cov zaub mov ib txwm muaj, thiab feem ntau nws cov xim yog daj, xim av lossis grey rau xim tsis muaj xim. Ntxiv mus, qhov cleavage ntawm cov khoom no yog zoo meej nyob rau hauv plaub cov lus qhia, thiab cov pob txha yog tsis xwm yeem. Mineral streak ntawm pob zeb diamond yog xim tsis muaj xim. Thaum xav txog cov khoom kho qhov muag, pob zeb diamond yog isotropic.
Daim duab 01: Pob zeb diamond
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom no, cov pa roj carbon atoms yog sp3 hybridized. Txhua lub atom tsim ib lub tetrahedral nrog lwm lub atom. Cov txheej txheem tetrahedral yog nruj, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov atoms muaj zog heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, pob zeb diamond muaj cov atoms ntau tshaj plaws hauv ib chav tsev ntawm cov khoom.
Graphite yog dab tsi?
Graphite yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon uas muaj cov qauv siv lead ua hexagonal. Lub compound ib txwm tshwm sim li graphite ores; yog li, peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom no los ntawm kev siv mining. Nws yog qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws allotrope ntawm carbon ntawm tus qauv kub thiab siab. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias heev, graphite tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv pob zeb diamond. Nws muaj hluav taws xob conductivity siab.
Daim duab 02: Graphite
Graphite kuj poob rau hauv qeb ntawm cov zaub mov ib txwm muaj. Cov xim yuav txawv ntawm hlau-dub mus rau steel-grey. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov cleavage ntawm cov khoom no yog basal, thiab pob txha yog flaky. Hardness yog tsawg heev, thiab nws muaj ib tug metallic, earthy lustre. Cov ntxhia streak ntawm graphite yog dub. Thaum xav txog cov khoom kho qhov muag, cov graphite yog uniaxial.
YFullerene yog dab tsi?
Fullerene yog ib qho allotrope ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas muaj cov qauv loj loj. Cov pa roj carbon atoms nyob rau hauv no allotrope txuas nrog ib leeg ntawm ib leeg thiab ob daim ntawv cog lus. Ntxiv mus, cov qauv kheej kheej yog kaw los yog ib feem kaw mesh uas muaj fused rings uas muaj 5 txog 7 carbon atoms. Lawv yog sp2 hybridized atoms. Txawm li cas los xij, tus qauv muaj lub kaum sab xis ntawm atoms.
Daim duab 03: Cov qauv ntawm Fullerene Sphere
Tsis tas li ntawd, fullerenes yog soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic, suav nrog toluene, chlorobenzene, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, cov khoom no yog ib qho hluav taws xob insulator.
Qhov txawv ntawm Pob Zeb Diamond Graphite thiab Fullerene yog dab tsi?
Pob zeb diamond, graphite thiab fullerene yog allotropes ntawm carbon. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pob zeb diamond graphite thiab fullerene yog pob zeb diamond muaj lub pob zeb diamond cubic siv lead ua qauv thiab graphite muaj cov qauv siv lead ua hexagonal, thaum fullerene tshwm sim raws li cov spheroidal molecule loj. Tsis tas li ntawd, pob zeb diamond yog cov khoom siv hnyav tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tab sis graphite thiab fullerene muaj qhov sib piv qis qis.
Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm pob zeb diamond graphite thiab fullerene yog cov pa roj carbon atoms ntawm pob zeb diamond yog sp 3 hybridized tab sis, hauv graphite thiab fullerene, lawv yog sp 2 hybridized. Thaum xav txog lub geometry nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug carbon atom, nyob rau hauv pob zeb diamond, nws yog tetrahedral, thiab nyob rau hauv graphite, nws yog ib tug trigonal planar thaum, nyob rau hauv fullerene, nws yog spherical.
Summary – Diamond vs Graphite vs Fullerene
Pob zeb diamond, graphite thiab fullerene yog allotropes ntawm carbon. Hauv cov ntsiab lus, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pob zeb diamond graphite thiab fullerene yog pob zeb diamond muaj lub pob zeb diamond cubic siv lead ua qauv thiab graphite muaj cov qauv siv lead ua hexagonal, thaum fullerene tshwm sim raws li qhov loj spheroidal molecule.
