Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thrombin thiab prothrombin yog tias thrombin yog ib qho enzyme uas pab txhawb cov ntshav txhaws los ntawm kev hloov fibrinogen rau fibrin, thaum prothrombin yog glycoprotein uas hloov mus rau hauv thrombin thaum los ntshav thiab tom qab txhaws ntshav.
Coagulation yog txheej txheem uas tsim cov ntshav txhaws txhawm rau kom tsis txhob los ntshav. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov ntshav hloov pauv los ntawm cov kua hauv lub xeev mus rau gel, tiv thaiv cov ntshav poob thaum los ntshav. Cov txheej txheem no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tshem tawm cov ntshav los ntawm cov hlab ntsha puas, ua raws li kev kho tom ntej. Lub coagulation cascade thaum kawg ua rau fibrin tsim uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws. Txawv coagulation yam koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem no. Thrombin thiab prothrombin yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm lawv.
Thrombin yog dab tsi?
Thrombin yog ib qho enzyme uas muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav uas pab txhawb cov ntshav txhaws. Thrombin converts fibrinogen rau fibrin. Nws yog ib qho serine protease, thiab hauv tib neeg, nws yog encoded los ntawm F2 noob. Cov prothrombin lossis coagulation factor II yog proteolytically cleaved los tsim thrombin hauv cov txheej txheem ntshav txhaws. Tom qab ntawd, thrombin ua raws li serine protease uas converts soluble fibrinogen rau hauv insoluble strands ntawm fibrin. Thrombin kuj tseem ua rau muaj ntau yam kev cuam tshuam txog kev coagulation. Thaum pib, Alexander Schmidt tau xav txog qhov muaj nyob ntawm ib qho enzyme uas hloov fibrinogen rau hauv fibrin hauv 1872.
Daim duab 01: Thrombin
Nyob rau hauv cov ntshav coagulation cascade, thrombin pab hloov tau XI rau Xia, VIII rau VIIIa, V rau Va, fibrinogen rau fibrin, thiab XIII rau XIIIa. Factor XIIIa yog ib qho transglutaminase uas catalyzes tsim cov khoom sib txuas ntawm lysine thiab glutamine residues hauv fibrin. Covalent bonds ua rau muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm fibrin clots. Thrombin kuj cuam tshuam nrog thrombomodulin. Tsis tas li ntawd, thrombin txhawb nqa platelet activation thiab sib sau ua ke ntawm kev ua kom cov protease-activated receptors ntawm cov cell membrane ntawm platelet. Thrombin plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kab mob. Nws yog implicated raws li ib qho tseem ceeb hauv vasospasm tom qab subarachnoid hemorrhage. Nws kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv cerebral ischemia thiab infarction thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov pib thiab kev loj hlob ntawm atherosclerosis. Tsis tas li ntawd, thrombin yog cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb tseem ceeb lossis cov cuab yeej biochemical vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb proteolytic. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog fibrinogen ua tus neeg sawv cev rau cov nqaij.
YProthrombin yog dab tsi?
Prothrombin yog glycoprotein uas hloov mus rau hauv thrombin thaum los ntshav thiab tom qab txhaws ntshav. Nws qhov hnyav molecular yog 72,000 Da. Nws yog ib qho alpha globulin thiab muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 15 μg / ml. Nws hloov mus rau ib qho enzyme active los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thromboplastins. Prothrombin yog tsim los ntawm lub siab thiab muaj ib nrab-lub neej luv li 10-12 teev thiab ntev li 60 teev. Ob qho tib si biosynthesis thiab tso tawm ntawm prothrombin yuav tsum tau ua ntawm vitamin K. Warfarin blocks prothrombin synthesis ntawm ib theem nrab, uas yuav kov yeej los ntawm kev tswj hwm ntawm vitamin K. Vitamin K kuj yuav tsum tau rau peb lwm yam clotting yam, nrog rau tej yam Vii, IX., thiab X. Ntxiv mus, tag nrho cov amino acid ib theem zuj zus ntawm prothrombin twb tau txhais lawm.
Daim duab 02: Prothrombin
Prothrombin yog tsim los ntawm plaub ntu: N davhlau ya nyob twg Gla domain, ob lub kringle domains, thiab C-terminal trypsin zoo li serine protease domain. Hypoprothrombinemia, hyperprothrombinemia, thiab antiphospholipid syndrome yog ib qho ntawm ob peb kab mob uas tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim nrog prothrombin. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kho mob prothrombin complex concentrate thiab cov ntshav khov tshiab tuaj yeem siv los kho qhov tsis txaus ntawm prothrombin thiab los ntshav tsis txaus vim yog warfarin.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Thrombin thiab Prothrombin?
- Thrombin thiab prothrombin yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov coagulation cascade.
- Lawv yog cov proteins uas muaj nyob hauv cov ntshav plasma.
- Ob lub molecules yog encoded los ntawm F2 noob hauv chromosome 11.
- Cov molecules no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Thrombin thiab Prothrombin yog dab tsi?
Thrombin yog ib qho enzyme uas pab txhawb cov ntshav txhaws los ntawm kev hloov fibrinogen rau fibrin, thaum prothrombin yog glycoprotein uas hloov mus rau hauv thrombin thaum los ntshav thiab tom qab txhaws ntshav. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thrombin thiab prothrombin. Tsis tas li ntawd, thrombin tsuas muaj C-terminal trypsin-zoo li serine protease domain, thaum prothrombin muaj plaub lub npe, suav nrog N davhlau ya nyob twg Gla domain, ob lub kringle domains, thiab C-terminal trypsin-zoo li serine protease domain.
Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm thrombin thiab prothrombin hauv daim ntawv tabular rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – Thrombin vs Prothrombin
Thrombin thiab prothrombin yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm coagulation cascade. Thrombin yog ib qho enzyme uas pab txhawb cov ntshav txhaws los ntawm kev hloov cov fibrinogen rau fibrin, thaum prothrombin yog glycoprotein uas hloov mus rau hauv thrombin thaum los ntshav thiab tom qab txhaws ntshav. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thrombin thiab prothrombin.
