Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog tias nitrate muaj peb lub oxygen atoms sib txuas rau nitrogen atom hos nitrite muaj ob lub oxygen atoms sib txuas rau nitrogen atom.
Ob leeg nitrate thiab nitrite yog inorganic anions uas muaj nitrogen thiab oxygen atoms. Ob qho anions no muaj -1 hluav taws xob. Lawv feem ntau tshwm sim raws li anion ntawm ntsev tebchaw. Muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite; peb yuav tham txog qhov sib txawv ntawm kab lus no.
Nitrate yog dab tsi?
Nitrate yog ib qho inorganic anion muaj cov tshuaj NO3-Nws yog polyatomic anion uas muaj 4 atoms; ib tug nitrogen atom thiab peb oxygen atoms. Cov anion muaj -1 tag nrho cov nqi. Cov molar loj ntawm no anion yog 62 g / mol. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no anion yog muab los ntawm nws cov conjugate acid; nitric acid los yog HNO3 Hauv lwm lo lus, nitrate yog lub hauv paus conjugate ntawm nitric acid.
Hauv luv luv, nitrate ion muaj ib lub nitrogen atom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas khi nrog peb oxygen atoms ntawm covalent tshuaj sib txuas. Thaum xav txog cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov anion no, nws muaj peb qhov sib npaug N-O daim ntawv cog lus (raws li cov qauv resonance ntawm anion). Yog li ntawd, lub geometry ntawm lub molecule yog trigonal planar. Txhua cov pa oxygen atom nqa ib qho − 2 ⁄ 3 tus nqi, uas muab tag nrho cov nqi ntawm anion li -1.
Daim duab 01: Resonance Structures of Nitrate Ion
Ntawm tus qauv siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias, yuav luag txhua cov ntsev ntsev uas muaj cov anion yaj hauv dej. Peb tuaj yeem pom cov ntsev nitrate nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb raws li deposits; nitrate deposits. Nws feem ntau muaj sodium nitrate. Ntxiv mus, cov kab mob nitrifying tuaj yeem tsim nitrate ion. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov ntsev nitrate yog nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov chiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing hauv cov khoom tawg.
Nitrite yog dab tsi?
Nitrite yog ib qho ntsev tsis muaj zog uas muaj cov tshuaj NO 2– Cov anion no yog ib qho anion symmetric, thiab nws muaj ib qho nitrogen atom. bonded rau ob lub atoms oxygen nrog ob zoo tib yam N-O covalent tshuaj bonds. Yog li ntawd, nitrogen atom yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub molecule. Lub anion muaj -1 tag nrho cov nqi.
Daim duab 02: Resonance Structures of Nitrite Ion
Cov molar loj ntawm anion yog 46.01 g / mol. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov anion no yog muab los ntawm nitrous acid los yog HNO2 Li no, nws yog lub hauv paus conjugate ntawm nitrous acid. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov ntsev nitrite hauv kev lag luam los ntawm kev dhau cov pa roj nitrous rau hauv cov kua dej sodium hydroxide. Ntxiv mus, qhov no ua rau sodium nitrite uas peb tuaj yeem ua kom huv ntawm recrystallization. Tsis tas li ntawd, nitrite ntsev xws li sodium nitrite muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev khaws zaub mov vim nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv zaub mov los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm microbial.
Qhov txawv ntawm Nitrate thiab Nitrite yog dab tsi?
Nitrate yog ib qho inorganic anion muaj cov tshuaj NO3– whereas Nitrite yog ib qho inorganic ntsev uas muaj cov tshuaj NO 2– Yog li ntawd, thawj qhov sib txawv ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog nyob ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ob lub anions. Qhov ntawd yog; Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog tias nitrate muaj peb lub oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke rau nitrogen atom thaum nitrite muaj ob lub pa oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke rau nitrogen atom. Ntxiv mus, nitrate ion yog muab los ntawm nws cov conjugate acid; nitric acid, thaum lub nitrite ion yog muab los ntawm nitrous acid. Raws li lwm qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite ions, peb tuaj yeem hais tias nitrate yog tus neeg sawv cev oxidizing vim tias nws tuaj yeem raug txo qis thaum nitrite tuaj yeem ua ob qho tib si oxidizing thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev.
Summary – Nitrate vs Nitrite
Nitrate thiab nitrite yog nitrogenous anions uas tshwm sim feem ntau yog ntsev tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nitrate thiab nitrite yog tias nitrate muaj peb lub oxygen atoms sib koom ua ke rau nitrogen atom thaum nitrite muaj ob lub pa oxygen atoms sib txuas rau nitrogen atom.
