Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Oligonucleotide vs Polynucleotide
Nucleotides yog cov qauv txheej txheem yooj yim uas tsim cov ntaub ntawv polymeric complex ntawm DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) thiab RNA (ribose nucleic acid). Nucleotides yog cov organic molecules. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm peb subunits: ib tug nitrogenous puag, pentose qab zib (ribose / deoxyribose) thiab ib pab pawg neeg phosphate. DNA thiab RNA synthesized los ntawm nucleotides ua raws li qhov tseem ceeb biomolecules hauv lub neej. Muaj ntau hom nucleotides, suav nrog oligonucleotides thiab polynucleotides. Oligonucleotides yog luv ntu DNA thiab RNA nrog ib lossis ntau dua nucleotide monomers thaum polynucleotides yog biopolymers nrog 13 lossis ntau dua nucleotide monomers. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm oligonucleotides thiab polynucleotides.
Oligonucleotide yog dab tsi?
luv ntu ntawm DNA thiab RNA molecules hu ua oligonucleotides. Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev tshawb fawb forensic, noob caj noob ces, thiab kev tshawb fawb. Oligonucleotides tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua cov txheej txheem tshuaj synthesis ua tiav hauv chav kuaj. Lawv raug tsim raws li ib leeg stranded molecules nrog ib ntu uas tau teev tseg rau ib qho kev ua haujlwm thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), DNA microarrays, cov txheej txheem yav qab teb blot, FISH (fluorescent hauv situ hybridization), synthesis ntawm Cov noob caj noob ces, tsim cov tsev qiv ntawv DNA / RNA thiab ua raws li kev sojntsuam molecular.
Daim duab 01: Oligonucleotide
Oligonucleotides ib txwm tshwm sim li microRNA, cov me me ntawm RNA uas tswj cov noob qhia. Oligonucleotides kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim catabolism ntawm cov nucleic acids loj dua. Tag nrho cov molecule yog tus yam ntxwv thiab tsim los ntawm ib theem ntawm nucleotide residues. Oligonucleotides tsim los ntawm cov seem ntawm DNA yog siv thaum lub sij hawm PCR, ib tug txheej txheem uas ib feeb ntawm DNA yuav tsum tau amplified rau ntau lab luam. Ntawm no, oligonucleotides ua cov primers uas pab ua haujlwm ntawm DNA polymerase. Ib qho tshuaj los yog hloov kho nucleoside hu ua phosphoramidite ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm ua ke ntawm oligonucleotides. Lub synthesis ntawm oligonucleotide strand tshwm sim los ntawm 3 'kawg mus rau 5' kawg nyob rau hauv ib tug cyclic txoj kev hu ua ib tug hluavtaws voj voog. Thaum ua tiav ntawm ib lub voj voog hluavtaws, ib qho nucleotide ntxiv rau cov saw loj loj.
YPolinucleotide yog dab tsi?
A polynucleotide molecule muaj 13 lossis ntau dua nucleotide monomers thiab raug xa mus rau biopolymer. Cov monomers raug khi rau cov saw nucleotide covalently. DNA thiab RNA yog cov piv txwv ntawm polynucleotides. Qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws polynucleotide nyob rau hauv lub neej yog RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) uas muaj pentose qab zib ribose. RNA yog tsim los ntawm ib leeg stranded polynucleotide. Lub molecule yog tsim los ntawm plaub lub hauv paus nitrogenous, adenine, guanine, cytosine, thiab uracil. RNA muaj ntau yam sib txawv: mRNA (messenger RNA), rRNA (ribosomal RNA), tRNA (hloov RNA).
Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) yog lwm polynucleotide uas muaj pentose qab zib deoxyribose. Lub hauv paus nitrogenous yog adenine, guanine, thymine thiab cytosine thiab yog tsim los ntawm ob helically txheej txheem polynucleotide chains. Adenine khub nrog thymine thiab guanine khub nrog cytosine. Qhov no yog hu ua complementary base pairing.
Daim duab 02: Polynucleotide
Polynucleotides, ob qho tib si DNA thiab RNA, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov kab mob nyob thiab yog siv rau hauv kev sim ntawm ob qho tib si lom thiab biochemical. Polynucleotides yog siv hauv PCR thiab DNA sequencing. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv dag zog siv oligonucleotides. Txhawm rau sib txuas thiab txuas ntxiv rau polynucleotide strand, cov nucleotides tshiab tau ntxiv, thiab cov saw txuas ntxiv los ntawm qhov muaj cov enzymes polymerase.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Oligonucleotides thiab Polynucleotides?
- Oligonucleotides thiab polynucleotides yog monomers ntawm DNA thiab RNA
- Ob leeg koom nrog ntau txoj kev caj ces suav nrog FISH thiab PCR.
Qhov txawv ntawm Oligonucleotides thiab Polynucleotides yog dab tsi?
Oligonucleotide vs Polynucleotide |
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| Oligonucleotide yog DNA lossis RNA tawg uas yog tsim los ntawm ib lossis ntau dua nucleotide monomers. | Polynucleotide yog biopolymer uas muaj 13 lossis ntau dua nucleotide monomers. |
| Oligonucleotide luv dua polynucleotide. | Polynucleotide ntev dua li oligonucleotide. |
| Oligonucleotides yog siv hauv cov txheej txheem caj ces xws li FISH. PCR, DNA micro array. | Polynucleotides yog siv hauv FISH, PCR, DNA sequencing, thiab lwm yam. |
Summary – Oligonucleotides vs Polynucleotides
Nucleotides yog cov biomolecules tseem ceeb uas koom nrog hauv cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem hauv lub neej. Lawv yog cov monomers ntawm DNA thiab RNA. Nucleotides yog cov organic molecules thiab muaj peb lub subunits: ib tug nitrogenous puag, ib tug pentose qab zib, thiab ib pab pawg neeg phosphate. Oligonucleotides thiab polynucleotides yog ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm nucleotides. Ob qho tib si molecules yog siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem genetic sib txawv, nrog rau FISH thiab PCR. Oligonucleotides yog tsim los ntawm ib los yog ntau tshaj nucleotide monomers thaum polynucleotides yog tsim los ntawm 13 los yog ntau dua nucleotide monomers. Oligonucleotides luv dua polynucleotides. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm oligonucleotides thiab polynucleotides.
Download PDF Version of Oligonucleotides vs Polynucleotides
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Oligonucleotide thiab Polynucleotide
