Qhov qhov sib txawv ntawm RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotideyog tias RNA cuam tshuam yog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob qhia los ntawm ob-stranded RNA thaum antisense oligonucleotide yog ib qho txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb kev tawm tsam ntawm cov noob qhia los ntawm ib leeg-stranded DNA oligonucleotide.
Gene silence lossis supposed yog ib txoj hauv kev tswj cov noob qhia hauv cov kab mob lom los tiv thaiv kev qhia ntawm cov noob tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau, thaum cov noob nyob ntsiag to, lawv cov kev qhia raug txo. Hauv qhov sib piv, thaum cov noob tau raug tshem tawm, lawv raug tshem tawm tag nrho ntawm cov genome ntawm cov kab mob; yog li ntawd, yuav tsis muaj kev qhia. Qee zaum, gene silencing yog suav tias yog tib yam li cov noob qoob loo. Qhov no yog vim hais tias gene silencing txoj kev xws li RNAi, antisense oligonucleotide, thiab CRISPR uas yog siv los ntsiag to genes ua rau txo cov noob qhia los ntawm tsawg kawg yog 70%. RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotides yog ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob silence.
RNA cuam tshuam dab tsi?
RNA cuam tshuam (RNAi) yog txheej txheem lom neeg uas muaj ob-stranded RNA molecules ua raws li cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob qhia. Andrew Hluav Taws thiab Craig C. Mello tau sib koom qhov khoom plig Nobel hauv 2006 hauv Tshuaj rau lawv cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm RNA cuam tshuam hauv kab mob nematode: Caenorhabditis elegans. Qhov kev tshawb fawb pioneering ntawm RNA cuam tshuam yog thawj zaug luam tawm los ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv 1998. Feem ntau, txoj kev RNAi muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yam kab mob eukaryotic, nrog rau cov tsiaj.
Daim duab 01: RNA cuam tshuam
Ob lub hauv paus molecules, microRNA (miRNA) thiab me me cuam tshuam RNA (siRNA), koom nrog hauv RNAi txoj hauv kev. Ib qho enzyme hu ua Dicer induces txoj kev no. Dicer cleaves ntev ob-stranded RNA rau hauv luv ob-stranded fragments (21 nucleotides siRNA). Tom qab ntawd txhua tus siRNA yog unwound rau hauv ob leeg-stranded RNAs hu ua neeg caij tsheb strand thiab coj strand. Cov neeg caij tsheb strand yog degraded thaum cov lus qhia strand yog muab tso rau hauv RNA induced silencing complex (RISC). Nyob rau hauv RISC, qhia strand khub nrog complementary mRNA, uas ua rau Argonaute (Ago2), cov catalytic tivthaiv ntawm RISC complex. Tom qab ntawd, Argonaute cleaves mRNA molecule. Tsis zoo li siRNA, microRNA (miRNA) tsom rau thaj tsam 3 'tsis muaj kev txhais lus ntawm mRNA qhov chaw uas lawv khi nrog qhov tsis zoo tag nrho. Qhov no thaiv kev nkag ntawm mRNA rau ribosomes rau kev txhais lus.
Antisense Oligonucleotide yog dab tsi?
Antisense oligonucleotide yog ib qho txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam cov kab ke tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov noob los ntawm ib leeg-stranded DNA oligonucleotide. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua antisense therapy Nws yog ib hom kev kho mob uas siv cov tshuaj antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) rau phiaj neeg xa xov RNA (mRNA). Antisense oligonucleotides hloov cov mRNA kev qhia los ntawm kev siv ntau yam txheej txheem xws li ribonuclease H kho kom zoo ntawm pre mRNA, ncaj qha steric blockage thiab modulation ntawm exon cov ntsiab lus los ntawm splicing site binding ntawm pre mRNA.
Daim duab 02: Antisense Oligonucleotide
Ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oligonucleotides tau pom zoo los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab European Union rau kev kho mob. Ntxiv mus, antisense oligonucleotides twb tau pom zoo raws li kev kho mob rau ntau yam kab mob xws li, kab mob Batten, cytomegalovirus retinitis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, familial chylomicronemia syndrome, tsev neeg hypercholesterolemia, hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, thiab spinalatrophy.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm RNA cuam tshuam thiab Antisense Oligonucleotide?
- RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotide yog ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob ntsiag to.
- Ob txoj kev tsom mus rau mRNA molecules.
- Lawv yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb.
- Ob txoj kev siv los kho ntau yam kab mob.
- Lawv ob leeg inhibit gene expression.
Qhov txawv ntawm RNA cuam tshuam thiab Antisense Oligonucleotide yog dab tsi?
RNA cuam tshuam yog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov noob qhia los ntawm ob-stranded RNA thaum antisense oligonucleotide yog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob qhia los ntawm ib leeg-stranded DNA oligonucleotide. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotide.
Cov duab hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotide hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – RNA cuam tshuam vs Antisense Oligonucleotide
Gene silencing cov txheej txheem txo cov cellular gene qhia. RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotide yog ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb gene silencing. RNA cuam tshuam yog ib qho txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob qhia los ntawm ob-stranded RNA thaum antisense oligonucleotide yog cov txheej txheem uas cuam tshuam nrog cov kab ke tshwj xeeb ntawm cov noob qhia los ntawm ib leeg-stranded DNA oligonucleotide. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm RNA cuam tshuam thiab antisense oligonucleotide.
