Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov tshwm sim

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov tshwm sim
Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov tshwm sim

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov tshwm sim

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov tshwm sim
Video: Keeb kwm kev tshwm sim tib neeg, Txawj siv hluav taws, txawj siv tooj, muab kub, txawj ntau hlau 2024, Cuaj hlis
Anonim

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cua sov ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov kub ntawm kev tsim yog qhov kev hloov ntawm enthalpy thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ib tug mole ntawm ib tug txheej txheem tej yam kev mob whereas lub tshav kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog kev hloov nyob rau hauv enthalpy thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ib tug mole ntawm ib yam khoom nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem. tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim ntawm lub siab tas li.

Kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov tseem ceeb enthalpy qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Peb txhais cov ntsiab lus no rau cov qauv txheej txheem, piv txwv li tus qauv siab thiab tus qauv kub. Ntawm no, cua sov los yog enthalpy yog lub zog uas tawm los ntawm lub cev los yog nqus los ntawm lub cev thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Huab cua sov yog dab tsi?

Kub ntawm kev tsim yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm enthalpy thaum tsim cov mole ntawm ib yam khoom los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntshiab raws li tus qauv. Ntawm no, cov txheej txheem yog 1 atm siab thiab 298.15 Kelvin kub. Txij li thaum peb xav txog qhov tsim ntawm ib mole, chav tsev rau lub zog no yog kJ / mol. Lub zog no yog lub zog uas tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawm los yog lub zog uas cov tshuaj tiv thaiv noj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov sib npaug rau qhov enthalpy no yog raws li nram no;

Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm tshav kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv daim duab 1
Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm tshav kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv daim duab 1

Ntawm no, ∆ yog lub cim, uas qhia txog kev hloov pauv hauv enthalpy, H yog tus nqi zog thiab f qhia txog kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no, tag nrho cov constituents nyob rau hauv tus qauv tej yam kev mob, txwv tsis pub, nws tsis yog lub tshav kub ntawm tsim. Piv txwv li, qhov tsim ntawm carbon dioxide yog raws li nram no.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

Daim ntawv ntshiab ntawm cov pa roj carbon yog graphite thiab cov pa oxygen yog diatomic oxygen molecule. Thaum peb ua qhov kev tsim tawm no nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev cai thiab ntsuas qhov kev hloov pauv hauv enthalpy, peb hu nws lub tshav kub ntawm kev tsim.

Huab cua sov yog dab tsi?

Kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm enthalpy ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim ntawm lub siab tas li. Peb ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog hauv chav tsev ntawm kJ / mol. Nws muab lub zog uas yog tso tawm los yog nqus tau thaum muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Lub cim rau qhov hloov pauv enthalpy yog ∆H. Yog tias tus nqi yog tus nqi zoo, peb hu nws tias qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv endothermic. Yog hais tias tus nqi yog qhov tsis zoo, peb hu nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv exothermic.qhov sib npaug rau qhov kev hloov enthalpy no yog raws li hauv qab no;

Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm tshav kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv
Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm tshav kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv

Qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov tsim thiab qhov kub ntawm qhov tshwm sim yog dab tsi?

Kub ntawm kev tsim yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm enthalpy thaum tsim cov mole ntawm ib yam khoom los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntshiab raws li tus qauv. Lub cim rau qhov hloov pauv enthalpy no yog, ∆Hf Kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm enthalpy ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim ntawm lub siab tas li. Lub cim rau qhov hloov pauv enthalpy yog, ∆H.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm tshav kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv Tabular
Qhov sib txawv ntawm tshav kub ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv Tabular

Summary – Kub ntawm Kev Tsim VS Thaum Kub Kub Kub

Enthalpy yog lub zog cov ntsiab lus. Kev hloov pauv ntawm enthalpy qhia tias muaj zog sib pauv ntawm cov reactants, cov khoom thiab ib puag ncig. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cua sov ntawm kev tsim thiab kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tias qhov kub ntawm kev tsim yog qhov kev hloov ntawm enthalpy thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm ib tug mole ntawm ib yam khoom ntawm tus qauv tej yam kev mob whereas lub tshav kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov kev hloov nyob rau hauv enthalpy thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem. lub siab tas li.

Pom zoo: