YPeroxide vs Dioxide
Oxygen yog ib qho khoom siv ntau heev uas koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation nrog ntau lwm yam. Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau cov pa oxygen uas muaj cov sib txuas hauv qhov xwm txheej. Tag nrho cov tebchaw no muaj oxygen atoms nyob rau hauv ntau lub xeev oxidation. Vim li ntawd, muaj tshuaj lom neeg reactivity thiab tshuaj sib txuas cov qauv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Peroxide thiab dioxide yog cov pa oxygen uas muaj cov molecules.
Peroxide
Peroxide yog cov pa oxygen uas muaj anion nrog cov qauv molecular ntawm O22- 2- Ob lub atoms yog sib koom ua ke los ntawm covalent daim ntawv cog lus, thiab txhua lub atom oxygen muaj tus lej oxidation ntawm -1. Peroxide anion feem ntau tuaj yeem koom nrog lwm cov cations xws li H+, lwm pab pawg 1 lossis pab pawg 2 cations, lossis cov hlau hloov mus ua cov tshuaj peroxide. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm cov organic tebchaw. Hydrogen peroxide yog daim ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm peroxide, uas txhais tau tias yog H 2O2 Cov pa oxygen-oxygen ib daim ntawv cog lus hauv peroxide tsis ruaj khov.. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem yooj yim dhau los ntawm hemolytic cleavage ua ob radicals. Yog li ntawd, peroxides yog reactive heev thiab tsis tshwm sim ntau nyob rau hauv qhov.
Peroxide yog ib qho muaj zog nucleophile thiab oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev. Txij li thaum, lawv tau yooj yim raug rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum lawv tawm mus rau lub teeb lossis cua sov, lawv khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv txias, tsaus. Peroxides teb rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, paj rwb thiab ntau lwm yam ntaub ntawv yooj yim, yog li yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Peroxides yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg los yog ua ib qho nruab nrab. Hom kev tshwm sim no tshwm sim hauv peb lub cev ib yam nkaus. Peroxide muaj cov tshuaj lom hauv peb lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau neutralized sai li sai tau thaum lawv tsim. Peb lub hlwb muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb mechanism rau qhov ntawd. Muaj ib qho organelle hu ua peroxisomes hauv peb cov hlwb, uas muaj cov enzyme catalase. Qhov no enzyme catalyses lub decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide rau hauv dej, thiab oxygen, yog li ua lub detoxification muaj nuj nqi. Hydrogen peroxide muaj cov khoom tsis zoo, xws li decomposition rau oxygen thiab dej nrog evolution ntawm tshav kub, los yog decomposes vim muaj kab mob los yog kev sib cuag nrog active nto, vim lub tsim ntawm oxygen siab nce nyob rau hauv lub ntim thiab nws kuj muaj peev xwm tsim explosive sib tov. Kev ua kom dawb huv ntawm hydrogen peroxide yog vim oxidation thiab tso tawm oxygen. Cov pa oxygen no yuav ua rau cov xim xim ua kom tsis muaj xim.
H2O2 → H2O + O
O + Xim Xim → Xim tsis muaj xim
Peroxides yog siv rau tshuaj dawb. Yog li peroxides tau dav siv rau cov plaub hau lossis tawv nqaij bleaching hauv cov khw, ntxuav chav dej, thiab tshem tawm cov stains ntawm khaub ncaws.
Dioxide
Dioxide yog lo lus siv thaum lub molecule muaj ob lub atoms oxygen. Txawm hais tias peb tuaj yeem hais tias hydrogen peroxide yog dioxide, raws li lub ntsiab lus no, muaj qee qhov sib txawv. Thaum peb hais tias dioxide, peb ib txwm xav txog ib qho chaw uas muaj oxygen atoms thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no. Hauv ib lub dioxide, ob lub atoms ntawm oxygen yog sib cais nrog lwm lub atom hauv lub molecule. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm carbon dioxide, ob lub pa oxygen atom yog sib koom nrog carbon nyias. Txhua cov pa oxygen ua ob daim ntawv cog lus nrog carbon; Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub -2 oxidation xeev. Ib yam li ntawd, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, titanium dioxide yog lwm cov tebchaw uas muaj ob lub oxygen atoms nrog rau -2 oxidation xeev.
Qhov txawv ntawm Peroxide thiab Dioxide yog dab tsi?
• Hauv peroxide, ob lub pa oxygen atom raug khi ua ke. Hauv dioxide, oxygen atoms tsis raug khi ua ke, tab sis lawv raug khi nyias nrog lwm lub atom.
• Peroxide tuaj yeem coj los ua ib qho sib cais, them ion nrog rau -2 tus nqi, tab sis dioxide tsis raug coj los ua ib qho ion cais. Nws yog ib feem ntawm molecule.
• Hauv peroxide, oxygen muaj tus lej oxidation ntawm -1, whereas, hauv dioxide oxygen muaj tus lej oxidation ntawm -2.
