Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peroxide thiab hydrogen peroxide yog tias peroxide yog anion hos hydrogen peroxide yog tshuaj lom neeg.
Peroxides yog ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pa oxygen nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Hydrogen peroxide tau tshawb pom los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws tshawb fawb Thenard xyoo 1818.
YPeroxide yog dab tsi?
Peroxide yog ib qho oxygen-muaj anion nrog cov qauv molecular ntawm O22- Ntawm no, ob lub atoms oxygen khi nrog ib leeg. ntawm covalent daim ntawv cog lus, thiab txhua cov pa atom muaj oxidation tus naj npawb ntawm -1. Peroxide anion feem ntau tuaj yeem koom nrog lwm cov cations xws li H +, lwm pab pawg 1 lossis pawg 2 cations lossis cov hlau hloov mus rau cov tshuaj peroxide. Ntxiv mus, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ib feem ntawm qee cov organic tebchaw.
Cov pa oxygen-oxygen ib daim ntawv cog lus hauv peroxide tsis ruaj khov. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem yooj yim undergo hemolytic cleavage, ua ob radicals. Yog li ntawd, peroxides yog reactive heev thiab tsis tshwm sim ntau nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Qhov no anion yog ib tug muaj zog nucleophile thiab oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev. Txij li thaum lawv tau yooj yim raug tshuaj lom neeg thaum raug lub teeb lossis cua sov, peb yuav tsum khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv txias, tsaus nti.
Daim duab 01: Peroxides khaws cia rau hauv Cov Thawv Tsaus
Peroxides ua rau tawv nqaij, paj rwb, thiab ntau lwm yam ntaub ntawv yooj yim, yog li lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem siv qhov no los ua ib feem hauv tshuaj dawb. Yog li ntawd, peroxides yog dav siv rau cov plaub hau los yog tawv nqaij bleaching nyob rau hauv saloons, ntxuav chav dej, los yog tshem tawm stains ntawm khaub ncaws. Peroxides muaj ntxhiab tsw zoo thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv muaj kev phom sij.
Y Hydrogen Peroxide yog dab tsi?
Hydrogen peroxide yog daim ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm peroxide; Peb tuaj yeem pom nws ua H2O2. Nws yog cov kua ntshiab nrog rau qhov kub ntawm 150 ° C thiab nws yog miscible tag nrho nrog dej. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem cais nws tawm ntawm dej los ntawm kev distillation vim tias nws cov ntsiab lus kub yog siab dua li cov dej. Hydrogen peroxide yog ib qho muaj zog oxidizing thiab txo tus neeg sawv cev. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog nonlinear, non-planar molecule. Nws muaj cov qauv qhib phau ntawv.
Daim duab 02: Qhib Phau Ntawv qauv ntawm Hydrogen Peroxide
Peb tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom sib xyaw no ua cov khoom lag luam ntawm ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg, lossis ua ib qho nruab nrab. Hom kev tshwm sim no tshwm sim hauv peb lub cev ib yam nkaus. Peroxide muaj cov tshuaj lom hauv peb lub hlwb. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tau neutralized sai li sai tau thaum lawv tsim. Peb lub hlwb muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb mechanism rau qhov ntawd. Muaj ib qho organelle hu ua peroxisomes hauv peb cov hlwb, uas muaj cov enzyme catalase. Qhov no enzyme catalyzes decomposition ntawm hydrogen peroxide rau hauv dej thiab oxygen, ua lub luag haujlwm detoxification.
Hydrogen peroxide muaj cov khoom txaus ntshai xws li decomposition rau oxygen thiab dej nrog cov evolution ntawm tshav kub, los yog decomposition vim muaj kab mob los yog kev sib cuag nrog active nto, vim lub tsim ntawm oxygen siab nce nyob rau hauv lub ntim. Kev ua kom dawb huv ntawm hydrogen peroxide yog vim oxidation thiab tso tawm oxygen. Cov pa oxygen no yuav ua rau cov xim xim ua kom tsis muaj xim.
H2O2 → H2O + O
O + xim teeb meem → tsis muaj xim
Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj dawb, H2O2 tseem siv tau los ua cov oxidant rau roj foob pob hluav taws, tsim cov epoxides, tshuaj thiab khoom noj khoom haus, ua tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, hydrogen peroxide yog khaws cia rau hauv paraffin wax-coated iav, yas. los yog Teflon fwj.
Qhov txawv ntawm Peroxide thiab Hydrogen Peroxide yog dab tsi?
Peroxide yog ib qho anion tab sis feem ntau, peb siv lo lus no ua ib lo lus dav dav rau tag nrho cov tebchaw uas muaj cov anion. Hydrogen peroxide, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov peroxides. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peroxide thiab hydrogen peroxide yog tias peroxide yog anion thaum hydrogen peroxide yog tshuaj lom neeg.
Summary – Peroxide vs Hydrogen Peroxide
Peroxides yog ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pa oxygen nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm peroxide thiab hydrogen peroxide yog tias peroxide yog anion whereas hydrogen peroxide yog cov tshuaj lom neeg.
