Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ib txwm degeneracy yog qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim coincidentally, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry, whereas ib txwm degeneracy tshwm sim nrog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry.
Lub sij hawm degeneracy yog tham feem ntau nyob rau hauv quantum mechanics. Nws hais tias lub zog theem yog degenerate yog hais tias nws sib haum mus rau ob los yog ntau tshaj sib txawv ntsuas lub xeev ntawm ib tug quantum system. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov xeev sib txawv uas sib haum rau ib qib zog tshwj xeeb yog hu ua qib ntawm degeneracy. Degeneracy tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob hom kev sib tsoo degeneracy thiab ib txwm degeneracy. Kev mob tshwm sim yog hais txog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry thaum ib txwm degeneracy hais txog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim nrog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry.
Kev Tsis Txaus Siab Degeneracy yog dab tsi?
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog hais txog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry. Hom degeneracy no paub tias yog coincidental. Hom degeneracy no ua rau qee qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub kaw lus lossis daim ntawv ua haujlwm ntawm lub peev xwm uas peb tab tom xav txog. Nws kuj tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov zais dynamical symmetry hauv qhov system. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim hauv cov khoom khaws tseg uas feem ntau tsis yooj yim txheeb xyuas.
Daim duab 01: Degenerate Zog Qib hauv Quantum System
Feem ntau, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tshwm sim vim qhov sib txuam tsis sib xws uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntxiv hauv lub zog tsis sib xws. Raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, peb tuaj yeem xav txog ib qho hauv qhov chaw sib nqus tas li. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho kev txav mus los ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw sib nqus tas li uas tab tom ua rau lub voj voog cyclotron ntawm lub voj voog ncig muaj qhov sib xws.
Dab tsi yog Degeneracy?
Ib txwm degeneracy yog hais txog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim nrog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, ib tug ib txwm degeneracy tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug system muaj ib tug symmetry. Ntxiv mus, tus sawv cev uas tau los ntawm ib txwm degeneracy yog irreducible, thiab cov eigenfunctions coj los ua lub hauv paus rau qhov sawv cev no.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Ua Phem Degeneracy thiab Ib txwm Degeneracy?
Degeneracy tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv raws li kev sib tsoo degeneracy thiab ib txwm degeneracy. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ib txwm degeneracy yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb degeneracy yog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim coincidentally, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry, whereas ib txwm degeneracy tshwm sim nrog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, yog hais tias lub zog theem ntawm lub system ntawm kev txiav txim siab muaj tag nrho cov symmetric transformations ntawm lub system, peb hu nws ib txwm degeneracy. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, qhov xwm txheej degeneracy muaj feem xyuam rau lub hav zoov ntawm ib co undiscovered transformations ntawm lub system ntawm kev xav. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txwm degeneracy yog irreducible thaum lub sij hawm degeneracy yog txo.
Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev degeneracy ib txwm.
Summary – Accidental Degeneracy vs Normal Degeneracy
Lub sij hawm degeneracy yog hais txog qhov tseeb tias qib zog yog degenerate yog tias nws sib haum mus rau ob lossis ntau qhov sib txawv ntsuas lub xeev ntawm quantum system. Tsis tas li ntawd, degeneracy tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob hom kev sib tsoo degeneracy thiab ib txwm degeneracy. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab ib txwm degeneracy yog qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog lub zog degeneracy uas tshwm sim coincidentally, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry, whereas ib txwm degeneracy tshwm sim nrog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm symmetry.
