Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws
Bees muaj nyob rau hauv Kev Txiav Txim: Hymenoptera nrog ntau dua 20,000 hom. Kwv yees li 5 feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov muv yog kev sib raug zoo thiab honeybees thiab bumblebees yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev vim lawv yog cov pab pawg neeg nyob sib ze tshaj plaws ntawm muv. Kev sib txawv, kev faib tawm, kev sib raug zoo, kev sib txuas lus, morphology, thiab ncaj qha qhov tseem ceeb rau tib neeg sib txawv ntawm honeybees thiab bumblebees.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
Honeybees belongs rau Genus: Apis, uas muaj xya hom sib txawv nrog 44 subspecies. Honeybees pib nyob rau hauv South thiab South-East Asian cheeb tsam thiab tam sim no lawv tau dav. Thaum ntxov pob txha ntawm ib tug zib mu hnub rov qab mus rau Eocene-Oligocene ciam teb. Peb clades tau piav qhia txog xya hom honeybees; Micrapis (A. florea & A. andreiformes), Megapis (A. dorsata), thiab Apis (A. cerana thiab lwm tus). Lawv sting tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub plab mog yog riam phom loj rau kev tiv thaiv. Nws yog evolved mus tua lwm kab nrog ib tug thicker cuticle. Cov barbs ntawm sting yog pab tau nkag mus rau lub cuticle thaum tawm tsam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muv tawm tsam cov tsiaj txhu, qhov muaj ntawm barbs tsis tseem ceeb vim tias cov tawv nqaij ntawm tus tsiaj tsis yog tuab li kab. Thaum lub sij hawm stinging txheej txheem, lub sting detach los ntawm lub cev tawm hauv lub plab mog puas loj heev. Tsis ntev tom qab stinging, muv tuag, txhais tau tias lawv tuag los tiv thaiv lawv cov peev txheej. Txawm tias tom qab tus muv tau raug tshem tawm ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom ntawm daim tawv nqaij lub sting apparatus tseem xa cov venom. Honeybees, zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov kab, sib txuas lus los ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab cov teeb pom kev zoo kuj tseem ceeb hauv kev noj zaub mov. Lawv lub npe hu ua Bee Waggle Dance piav qhia txog kev taw qhia thiab kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom noj hauv txoj kev txaus nyiam. Lawv cov plaub hau hind ob txhais ceg tsim ib lub corbicular, aka paj ntoos pob tawb, nqa paj ntoos los pub cov tub ntxhais hluas. Bees wax thiab muv zib mu yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev rau tus txiv neej thiab yog li ntawd, beekeeping yog ib tug tseem ceeb ua liaj ua teb xyaum ntawm cov neeg. Lawm, lawv nyiam ua lawv zes lossis khaus khaus hauv qab tsob ntoo lossis hauv qhov tsua… etc.
Nkauj hmoob
Muaj ntau dua 250 hom kab muv; cov no feem ntau pom underground hives ntawm siab dua altitudes thiab latitudes. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog Northern hemispheric hom tab sis, lawv kuj muaj nyob rau hauv New Zealand thiab Tasmania. Cov yam ntxwv xim dub thiab daj xim plaub hau hla lub cev ua rau lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov kab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov plaub hau hind ceg nrog paj paj pob tawb ua haujlwm zoo ib yam li hauv honeybees. Bumblebees tsis muaj barbs, thiab lawv tsis vey txhoj puab heev tshwj tsis yog lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsis tuag tom qab ib qho sting thiab tuaj yeem sting ntau tshaj ib zaug. Pheromones scented nrog floral ntsiab lus qhia rau lwm cov muv txog ib qho khoom noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom noj yog qhia los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib txuas lus tsawg dua hu ua Excited Runs. Nws ntseeg hais tias cov kev taw qhia thiab nyob deb yog sib txuas lus los ntawm floral scented pheromone, nrog rau kev zoo siab khiav. Lawv tsis khaws cov zib ntab thiab tib neeg tsis tau txais txiaj ntsig ncaj qha los ntawm bumblebees.
Qhov txawv ntawm honeybees thiab bumblebees
Nyob rau hauv kev tshuaj xyuas ob tus tswv cuab tseem ceeb ntawm cov muv, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv tau teev tseg thiab nthuav tawm hauv daim ntawv hauv qab no.
| Bumblebee | |
| Muaj ntau haiv neeg tsawg nrog 7 hom | Muaj ntau hom kev sib txawv nrog ntau dua 250 hom |
| Keeb kwm hauv South thiab South-East Asia | Keeb kwm nyob rau thaj tsam huab cua ntawm Northern hemisphere thiab muaj nyob hauv New Zealand thiab Tasmania |
| aggressive | tsis txhoj puab heev |
| Complex colonies | Simple colonies |
| Npaj rau ntawm sting, thiab tuag tom qab kev tawm tsam | Tsis muaj barbs ntawm sting thiab li no, lawv tsis tuag thiab pheej sting ntau tshaj ib zaug |
| Ua zes hauv qab ceg lossis pob zeb loj, hauv qab qhov tsua |
