Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy yog tias nullisomy yog qhov poob ntawm ob khub ntawm homologous chromosomes thaum ob chav monosomy yog poob ntawm ib chromosome los ntawm txhua ob khub ntawm homologous chromosomes.
Euploidy thiab aneuploidy yog ob qho kev hloov pauv ntawm chromosomal txheeb xyuas hauv cov kab mob. Aneuploidy hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm tag nrho cov chromosomes hauv ib lub xovtooj los ntawm kev ntxiv lossis tshem tawm ntawm chromosomes. Aneuploidy tsis hloov tus lej ntawm cov chromosome. Nws hloov tag nrho cov lej ntawm chromosomes hauv ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes lossis kabmob. Qhov kev hloov pauv no cuam tshuam rau qhov sib npaug ntawm caj ces ntawm lub cell lossis kab mob vim nws hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv caj ces lossis cov khoom lag luam. Aneuploidy yog ib qho mob txawv txav uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib txawv xws li Down syndrome, Edwards syndrome, triple X syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Turner's syndrome thiab Cri du chat syndrome, thiab lwm yam. Nullisomy thiab tetrasomy yog ob hom mob aneuploidy.
Nullisomy yog dab tsi?
Nullisomy yog ib qho txawv txav chromosomal muaj pes tsawg leeg uas tshwm sim vim poob ntawm ob chromosomes nyob rau hauv ib tug homologous chromosome khub. Nws tuaj yeem sawv cev ua 2n-2. Nws yog genomic mutation. Thaum piv rau tag nrho cov chromosomes, ob chromosomes tsawg dua nyob rau hauv nullisomy. Cov tib neeg uas qhia txog kev tsis ncaj ncees yog hu ua nullisomics. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau nullisomy yog nondisjunction thaum lub sij hawm cell division, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sij hawm meiosis. Nondisjunction tshwm sim thaum ob tus muam chromatids lossis homologous chromosomes tsis sib cais. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ib gamete tsis muaj ib khub chromosome homologous (nullisomic) thaum lwm gamete tau txais khub ntawd (disomic). Thaum nullisomy tshwm sim hauv cov tsiaj siab dua, lawv tsis tuaj yeem muaj sia nyob. Hauv diploids, nullisomy yog ib qho mob tuag taus. Hauv cov nroj tsuag, nullisomy tsim cov nroj tsuag muaj txiaj ntsig polyploid.
Dab tsi yog Monosomy?
Lo lus monosomic txhais tau tias 'ib chromosome'. Lo lus monosomy yog siv los piav qhia txog qhov mob aneuploid uas ib tus tswvcuab ntawm homologous chromosome khub ploj lawm. Vim yog tus mob no, cov hlwb yuav muaj 45 chromosomes xwb, tsis yog 46 chromosomes li niaj zaus.
Daim duab 01: Tsis muaj kev sib txuas hauv Mitosis
Cells qhia 2n-1 chromosomes hauv txhua lub cell ntawm lub cev. Qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau dua ib khub ntawm homologous chromosomes. Ob chav monosomy yog ib yam mob zoo li no. Hauv ob chav monosomy, ib chromosome los ntawm txhua ob khub ntawm homologous chromosomes ploj lawm. Nws tuaj yeem sawv cev ua 2n-1-1.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Nullisomy thiab Ob Chav Monosomy?
- Nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy yog ob yam mob aneuploidy pom hauv kab mob.
- Ob leeg tsim cov lej chromosome txawv txav.
- Lawv hloov tag nrho cov chromosomes hauv ib txheej.
- Zuag qhia tag nrho, qhov sib npaug ntawm cov noob hauv cov chromosome teeb meem cuam tshuam vim yog nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy.
- Ob leeg tshwm sim vim kev tsis sib haum xeeb thaum lub sijhawm meiosis.
- Hauv ob qho xwm txheej, ob lub chromosomes ploj lawm los ntawm tag nrho cov chromosomes.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Nullisomy thiab Ob Chav Monosomy?
Nullisomy yog qhov poob ntawm ob lub chromosomes hauv ib khub ntawm homologous chromosomes. Ob chav monosomy yog qhov poob ntawm ib chromosome los ntawm txhua ob khub ntawm homologous chromosomes. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy. Nullisomy tshwm sim hauv ib khub ntawm homologous chromosomes. Ob chav monosomy tshwm sim hauv ob khub ntawm homologous chromosomes.
Hauv qab infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy.
Summary – Nullisomy vs Ob chav Monosomy
Aneuploidy yog kev hloov pauv uas tus lej chromosomal txawv txav. Nws hloov tag nrho cov chromosomes, uas tuaj yeem yog vim qhov poob ntawm ib lossis ntau tus chromosomes lossis vim yog qhov sib ntxiv lossis tshem tawm ntawm ib lossis ntau dua chromosomes. Nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy yog ob qho xwm txheej zoo li no. Hauv nullisomy, ob qho tib si chromosomes ntawm homologous chromosome khub yog ploj lawm. Hauv ob chav monosomy, ib chromosome los ntawm txhua ob khub ntawm homologous chromosomes ploj lawm. Nullisomy yog sawv cev li 2n-2 thaum ob chav monosomy yog sawv cev li 2n-1-1. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm nullisomy thiab ob chav monosomy.
