Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm folded thiab unfolded protein yog tias folded protein yog ib tug biologically active qauv thaum unfolded protein yog ib tug biologically inactive qauv.
Kev txhais lus tsim cov kab sib txuas ntawm cov amino acid ib ntus uas tsis muaj cov qauv 3D ruaj khov. Yog li, cov amino acid sequences cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg thiab quav ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj hu ua protein folding. Nws yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov protein ua kom muaj roj ntsha. Qhov tseeb cov qauv ntawm cov protein yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau nws txoj haujlwm. Polypeptide chains quav kom dhau los ua cov protein ntau hauv nws cov qauv 3D. Folded proteins yog tuav ua ke los ntawm ntau yam kev sib cuam tshuam molecular. Lawv muaj cov qauv 3D ruaj khov; Yog li ntawd, lawv yog cov nquag ua haujlwm lom neeg, tsis zoo li cov proteins uas tau nthuav tawm.
Folded Protein yog dab tsi?
Folded protein yog cov khoom noj muaj roj ntsha uas tau ua tiav nws cov qauv 3D ruaj khov. Protein folding yog cov txheej txheem uas ua rau cov proteins folded, thiab nws tshwm sim hauv endoplasmic reticulum. Protein folding txheej txheem yog thermodynamically haum. Nws tshwm sim raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv spontaneous. Thawj kauj ruam ntawm cov protein folding yog tsim cov txheej txheem thib ob xws li alpha helices lossis beta nplooj ntawv los ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov protein. Secondary structures ces pav txoj kev mus rau tertiary lug. α-helices thiab β-phau ntawv quav rau hauv cov qauv peb-dimensional. Cov qauv tertiary ces ntxiv quav thiab tsim cov qauv quaternary ntawm cov protein.
Ntau yam cuam tshuam rau lub peev xwm ntawm cov proteins kom quav rau hauv lawv cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm raug. Qee qhov xwm txheej yog hluav taws xob thiab hlau nplaum, qhov kub thiab txias, pH, tshuaj lom neeg, qhov chaw txwv thiab molecular neeg coob coob. Kev folding tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam kab mob. Alzheimer's kab mob thiab Cystic fibrosis yog ob hom kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm protein misfolding.
Daim duab 01: Protein Folding
Thaum lub folding, polypeptide chains cuam tshuam los ntawm covalent thiab noncovalent kev sib cuam tshuam. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm hydrophobic thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm van der Waals yog ob hom kev sib cuam tshuam uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam uas pab ua kom muaj protein ntau. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb yog qhov tsis muaj zog thiab kev sib cuam tshuam luv luv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muab cov kev tsav tsheb tseem ceeb. Covalent kev sib cuam tshuam xws li disulfide bonds thiab ionic bonds kuj pab hauv cov protein folding, thiab lawv muaj kev sib cuam tshuam. Protein folding tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw aqueous.
Dab tsi yog Unfolded Protein?
Unfolded protein yog cov kab sib txuas amino acid. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus qauv, uas yog ib tug polypeptide saw. Unfolded proteins yog biologically inactive. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib qho kev tsis sib haum xeeb qhib nrog xoob ntim sab chains. Hauv lwm lo lus, unfolded proteins tsis muaj cov qauv txiav txim. Unfolded proteins pab rau pathology ntawm ntau yam kab mob.
Daim duab 02: Unfolded Protein Teb
Yuav kom dhau los ua cov protein ua haujlwm tau zoo, cov proteins uas tsis tau nthuav dav yuav tsum tau muab ntim rau hauv cov qauv peb-dimensional ruaj khov. Hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, ntau cov saw hlau polypeptide yuav tsum sib sau ua ke rau hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, feem ntau cov protein tau hloov pauv xws li kev sib cais lossis cov khoom sib txuas nrog cov carbohydrates thiab lipids.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Folded thiab Unfolded Protein?
- Kub kub heev, pH huab cua, lub zog siv tshuab thiab tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem npog cov ntaub qhwv cov protein rau hauv cov protein uas tsis tau nthuav tawm.
- Denaturation ntawm proteins yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov ntawm lub folded mus rau lub unfolded xeev.
Qhov txawv ntawm Folded thiab Unfolded Protein yog dab tsi?
Cov protein yog ib qho kev txiav txim, Globular Protein nrog cov protein zoo nkauj thaum cov protein zoo nkauj, qhib cov qauv nrog cov khoom ntim xoob xoob. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm folded thiab unfolded protein. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub qhwv cov proteins yog cov khoom siv roj ntsha thiab ua haujlwm kom raug, thaum cov proteins uas nthuav tawm tsis muaj zog thiab tsis ua haujlwm kom raug.
Hauv qab infographic qhia cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws sib piv ntawm ob qho proteins kom pom qhov txawv ntawm cov ntaub qhwv thiab nthuav tawm kom meej.
Summary – Folded vs Unfolded Protein
Feem ntau, cov proteins yuav tsum raug muab ntim rau hauv qhov tshwj xeeb, ruaj khov, kev sib haum xeeb peb sab thiaj li ua tau zoo. Unfolded proteins yog biologically inactive thaum folded proteins yog biologically active. Folded proteins muaj ib tug 3D qauv thaum unfolded proteins muaj teeb meem, qhib lug nrog loosely packed sab chains. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm folded thiab unfolded protein.
