Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm diene thiab dienophile yog qhov diene yog ib qho tsis muaj hydrocarbon uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus ob, hos dienophile yog cov organic compound uas nkag siab nrog lub diene.
Diels-Alder cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb uas cov diene conjugated reacts nrog hloov alkene (dienophile), ua ib qho kev hloov pauv cyclohexene derivative. Yog li ntawd, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no muaj ob feem cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg: diene thiab dienophile. Ntxiv mus, qhov no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cycloaddition thiab yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pericyclic uas muaj kev sib koom ua ke.
Diene yog dab tsi?
Diene yog ib qho tsis muaj hydrocarbon uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms. Nws tseem hu ua diolefin lossis alkadiene. Nws yog covalent compound uas muaj ob chav alken. Dienes feem ntau muaj nyob ua subunits ntawm ntau cov organic molecules. Ntxiv mus, dienes tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab hauv cov tshuaj hluavtaws. Cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov tshuaj organic synthesis. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov diene conjugated uas tau siv dav ua monomers rau kev lag luam polymer.
Daim duab 01: Cov Qauv Tshuaj ntawm Ib Qhov Yooj Yim Diene
Muaj peb chav kawm ntawm dienes nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv cov organic compound. Peb chav kawm no hu ua cumulated dienes, conjugated dienes, thiab unconjugated dienes.
Cumulated dienes muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus sib koom ib qho atom. Qhov no tshwm sim hauv kev tsim cov allene.
Conjugated dienes muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus uas sib cais los ntawm ib daim ntawv cog lus. Cov tebchaw no muaj kev sib piv zoo heev vim yog lub resonance.
Unconjugated dienes muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus uas tau sib cais los ntawm ob lossis ntau dua ib daim ntawv cog lus. Feem ntau, cov tebchaw no tsis ruaj khov dua piv rau isomeric conjugated dienes. Cov tebchaw no raug hu ua cais cov dienes ib yam nkaus.
Dienophile yog dab tsi?
Dienophile yog ib qho organic tebchaw uas nkag siab nrog lub diene. Peb tuaj yeem pom ib qho dienophile feem ntau hauv Diels-Alder cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm diene thiab hloov alkene. Ntawm no, qhov hloov pauv alkene ua raws li dienophile.
Daim duab 02: Diels-Alder Reaction
Ib qho zoo dienophile feem ntau dais ib lossis ob ntawm pawg ua haujlwm hauv qab no: CHO, COR, COOR, CN, C=C, Ph, lossis halogen. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub diene yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob ntau. Qee zaum, Diels-Alder cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum muaj qhov sib tshooj ntawm HOMO ntawm dienophile nrog cov tsis muaj MO ntawm cov neeg tuag.
Ib qho alkene feem ntau yog hu ua dienophile vim nws hnov mob nrog lub diene nkag. Feem ntau, peb tsis xav tau cua sov hauv Diels-alder cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis cua sov tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov alkenes yooj yim xws li ethane yog cov neeg pluag dienophile.
Qhov txawv ntawm Diene thiab Dienophile yog dab tsi?
A Diels-Alder cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj ob feem cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg: diene thiab dienophile. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm diene thiab dienophile yog tias diene yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus, thaum lub dienophile yog ib qho organic compound uas nkag siab nrog lub diene.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm diene thiab dienophile hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Diene vs Dienophile
Diels-Alder cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb hauv chemistry. Nws koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm diene thiab hloov alken. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm diene thiab dienophile yog tias diene yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj ob daim ntawv cog lus, whereas dienophile yog ib qho organic compound uas nkag siab nrog lub diene.
