Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Thawj Vs Tus Kheej Lysosomes
Lysosomes yog cov khoom siv tsis raug tshawb pom los ntawm Belgian Scientist Christian De Duve hauv 1955 los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib ua feem. Lysosomes yog cov kab mob sib txuas uas muaj cov enzymes muaj txiaj ntsig uas tuaj yeem degrade tag nrho cov khoom siv roj ntsha xws li, cov protein, rog, nucleic acids, thiab carbohydrates. Nws yog lub plab zom mov ntawm lub cell uas degrades cov teeb meem uas tau coj mus rau sab nraud ntawm tes txhawm rau txhawm rau zom cov khoom tsis siv. Feem ntau, lysosomes pom tau tias yog cov vacuoles zoo li tus kheej kheej, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov duab sib txawv thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg raws li cov teeb meem uas tau coj mus rau kev zom ntawm lub cell sab nraud. Yog li, lysosomes yog morphologically ntau yam organelles qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev zom zaub mov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv intracellular. Nws tau raug txheeb xyuas txog 50 qhov sib txawv degradative enzymes hauv lysosomes. Feem ntau ntawm lawv tau txheeb xyuas tias yog hydrolases uas tuaj yeem degrade proteins, rog, nucleic acids, thiab carbohydrates. Feem ntau peb hom lysosomes pom, xws li; thawj lysosomes, theem nrab lysosomes, thiab tertiary lysosomes. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thawj thiab theem nrab lysosomes yog tias, thawj lysosomes yog tsim los ntawm Golgi apparatus (GA) thaum lub thib ob lysosomes yog tsim los ntawm fusion ntawm thawj lysosome thiab ib qho endocytotic / phagocytotic vesicle (phagosome los yog pinosome). Tertiary lysosomes yog laus. Secondary lysosomes uas tsuas muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg.
Primary Lysosomes yog dab tsi?
Golgi apparatus lossis Golgi complex yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm eukaryotic cell uas tsim thawj lysosomes. Lawv tsim cov hlwv me me uas tau piav qhia los ntawm qee qhov ua "buds" los ntawm Golgi cisternae. Cov vesicles no yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom hydrolases hom enzymes uas tuaj yeem degrade tag nrho biopolymers xws li cov proteins, rog, carbohydrates thiab nucleic acids. Cov proteases, nucleases, thiab lipases muaj cov vesicles tsim los ntawm Golgi apparatus uas yog hu ua "primary lysosomes." Primary lysosomes yog me me thiab kheej kheej hauv cov duab. Qee zaum thawj lysosomes yog buds uas tsim los ntawm endoplasmic reticulum (ER complex).
Daim duab 01: Lysosomes
Qhov tseeb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau txheeb xyuas yog thawj lysosomes tsis tso nws cov ntsiab lus tawm ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau hauv cytoplasm. Cov kua qaub hydrolases uas muaj nyob rau hauv thawj lysosomes yog los ntawm ntxhib endoplasmic reticulum (RER) daim nyias nyias thiab txheeb tawm hauv Golgi apparatus. Lub hauv paus lysosomes nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm ib daim nyias nyias ntawm phospholipids uas cais sab hauv ntawm lysosome los ntawm ib puag ncig sab nraud. Qhov no yog hu ua ib daim nyias nyias. Qhov ib puag ncig sab hauv ntawm thawj lysosome yog acidic thiab muaj pH qis (pH 5) uas ua kom cov kua qaub hydrolases enzymes. Thaum pib, thawj lysosomes muaj qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov enzymes uas ua haujlwm tom qab lawv raug khi los ntawm phagosome. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau lawv sib txawv morphology thiab nquag enzymes.
Dab tsi yog Secondary Lysosomes?
Cov lysosomes theem nrab yog tsim los ntawm kev khi thawj lysosome nrog phagosome lossis pinosome. Thaum pib, nyob rau hauv thawj lysosome, inactive lub xeev degrading enzymes raug pom. Tab sis tom qab nws fusion nrog phagosome, degrading enzymes ua haujlwm. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob lysosomes, lawv muaj ib tug active chav kawm ntawm digestive hydrolases uas yuav degrade biomolecules xws li cov proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates thiab lipids rau lawv tus kheej Cheebtsam. Qhov thib ob lysosomes tuaj yeem tso cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig rau hauv cytoplasm los ntawm kev yooj yim diffusion.
Daim duab 02: Secondary Lysosomes
Lawv kuj tuaj yeem tso cov khoom pov tseg uas tsis tuaj yeem zom tau los ntawm cov txheej txheem exocytosis. Lub morphology ntawm theem nrab lysosome yog loj loj nrog ib tug kheej kheej. Cov lysosomes theem nrab piav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm lom neeg sib txawv raws li lawv muaj lub xeev cov kua qaub hydrolases. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lysosomes theem nrab suav nrog,
- Tshuaj enzyme sab nraud ntawm tes (exocytosis) txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov khoom txawv teb chaws.
- Kev tawg ntawm cov khoom hauv lub cell (kev zom zaub mov) uas yog hu ua autophagy.
- Kev tawg ntawm cov khoom sab nraud ntawm lub cell uas hu ua heterophagy.
- Rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv biochemical thiab pab hauv biosynthesis.
- Ua tiav cov hlwb uas tau tuag (autolysis).
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Thawj Lysosomes thiab Secondary Lysosomes?
- Ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab lysosomes tsim los ntawm cov kua qaub hydrolases uas degrade biomolecules.
- Ob leeg thawj thiab theem nrab lysosomes ncig los ntawm ib qho phospholipid membrane.
- Ob qho tib si thawj thiab theem nrab lysosomes yog spherical nyob rau hauv cov duab.
Qhov txawv ntawm Primary Lysosomes thiab Secondary Lysosomes yog dab tsi?
Primary Lysosomes vs Secondary Lysosomes |
|
| Primary lysosomes yog membrane-bounded organelles uas bud los ntawm Golgi apparatus thiab muaj ntau enzymes. | Secondary lysosomes yog cov organelles uas tsim kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm thawj lysosome thiab phagosome lossis pinosome thiab nyob rau hauv uas lysis tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua ntawm hydrolytic enzymes. |
| Primary lysosomes yog tsim los ntawm Golgi apparatus lossis ER complex. | Secondary lysosomes yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm thawj lysosome nrog phagosome lossis pinosome. |
| Primary lysosomes yog cia vacuoles. | Secondary lysosomes yog digestive vacuoles. |
| Qhov chaw | |
| Primary lysosomes muaj nyob rau hauv ntxhib endoplasmic reticulum (RER). | Secondary lysosomes pom muaj nyob rau hauv qhov du endoplasmic reticulum (SER). |
| Exocytosis | |
| Primary lysosomes tsis tso nws cov ntsiab lus. | Secondary lysosomes tso nws cov ntsiab lus sab nraud rau hauv cytoplasm (exocytosis). |
| YBiosynthesis | |
| Primary lysosomes tsis koom nrog hauv biosynthesis hauv cov khoom siv rau lub cell. | Secondary lysosomes koom nrog hauv biosynthesis yog cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau lub cell. |
| Acid hydrolases | |
| Primary lysosomes muaj inactive acid hydrolases | Secondary lysosomes muaj active acid hydrolases. |
| Cov khoom pov tseg | |
| Primary lysosomes tsis tso cov khoom pov tseg. | Secondary lysosomes tso cov khoom pov tseg los ntawm exocytosis. |
Summary – Primary vs Secondary Lysosomes
Lysosomes yog cov khoom siv tsis raug tshawb pom los ntawm Belgian Scientist Christian De Duve hauv xyoo 1955. Cov vacuoles ib leeg no muaj 50 ntau hom digestive acid hydrolases uas tuaj yeem degrade biomolecules xws li proteins, rog, carbohydrates thiab nucleic acids. Lawv feem ntau depict spherical zoo morphology. Raws li kev tsim peb cov chav kawm sib txawv ntawm tau piav qhia. 1. Primary lysosomes 2. Secondary lysosomes 3. Tertiary lysosomes. Thawj lysosomes yog tsim los ntawm Golgi apparatus (GA) thaum lub lysosomes theem nrab yog tsim los ntawm fusion ntawm thawj lysosome thiab endocytotic / phagocytotic vesicle (phagosome los yog pinosome). Tertiary lysosomes yog cov laus theem nrab lysosomes tsuas muaj cov khoom pov tseg xwb. Qhov no tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab thiab Qib Siab Lysosomes.
Download the PDF Version of Primary vs Secondary Lysosomes
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline lub hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov rub tawm PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab thiab theem nrab Lysosomes
