Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Thylakoid vs Stroma
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm photosynthesis, chloroplasts yog cov organelles loj uas pib cov txheej txheem muab cov xwm txheej tsim nyog rau photosynthesis. Cov qauv ntawm chloroplast yog tsim los pab cov txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis. Ib tug chloroplast yog ib tug plastid uas yog spherical nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Thylakoid thiab stroma yog ob lub cim tshwj xeeb uas muaj nyob hauv chloroplast. Ib tug thylakoid yog ib daim nyias nyias nyob rau hauv lub chloroplast uas muaj sib txawv embedded molecules los pib lub teeb-dependent cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm photosynthesis. Stroma yog lub cytoplasm ntawm chloroplast uas yog tsim los ntawm cov kua pob tshab, uas muaj thylakoid (grana), sub organelles, DNA, ribosome, lipid droplets thiab starch nplej. Yog li, feem ntau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm thylakoid thiab stroma yog thylakoid yog ib daim nyias nyias uas nyob hauv lub chloroplast whereas lub stroma yog lub cytoplasm ntawm Chloroplast.
YThylakoid yog dab tsi?
Thylakoid yog ib qho organelle pom hauv chloroplasts thiab hauv cyanobacteria. Nws muaj ib daim nyias nyias uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm thylakoid lumen. Qhov no thylakoid nyob rau hauv chloroplast feem ntau tsim pawg thiab uas hu ua grana. Lub grana txuas nrog lwm cov gana los ntawm intergranal lamellae los tsim ib qho kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nws tuaj yeem muaj li 10 txog 100 gana hauv chloroplasts. Lub thylakoid yog nyob rau hauv lub stroma.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv lub teeb nyob rau hauv photosynthesis yog nqa tawm hauv thylakoid vim nws muaj cov pigments photosynthetic xws li chlorophyll. Cov grana uas tau muab tso rau hauv chloroplast muab thaj chaw siab ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm cov chloroplast thaum ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm photosynthesis. Lub membrane ntawm lub thylakoid muaj ib tug lipid bilayer uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub puab membrane ntawm chloroplast thiab prokaryotic daim nyias nyias. Cov lipid bilayer no koom nrog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm photosystems.
Daim duab 01: Thylakoid
Hauv cov nroj tsuag siab dua, cov thylakoid membranes feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm phospholipids thiab galactolipids. Lub thylakoid lumen uas yog kaw los ntawm thylakoid daim nyias nyias yog ib tug tas mus li aqueous theem. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau photophosphorylation hauv photosynthesis. Cov protons tau tso rau hauv lub lumen ntawm daim nyias nyias thaum txo qis pH.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tshwm sim hauv thylakoid suav nrog dej photolysis, electron thauj saw thiab ATP synthesis. Thawj kauj ruam yog dej photolysis. Nws tshwm sim hauv thylakoid lumen. Ntawm no, lub zog ntawm lub teeb yog siv los txo lossis faib cov dej molecules los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas xav tau rau cov saw hlau thauj electron. Cov electrons raug hloov mus rau cov duab hluav taws xob. Cov photosystems muaj lub teeb-txiav txim siab hu ua lub kav hlau txais xov complex. Lub kav hlau txais xov complex siv chlorophyll thiab lwm yam photosynthetic pigments los sau lub teeb ntawm ntau lub wavelengths. ATP yog tsim nyob rau hauv photosystems, siv ib tug ATP synthase enzyme thylakoid synthesize ATP. Qhov no ATP synthase enzyme yog assimilated nyob rau hauv lub thylakoid membrane.
Txawm hais tias cov thylakoid hauv cov nroj tsuag tsim cov pawg hu ua grana, thylakoid tsis yog pawg hauv qee cov algae txawm tias lawv yog eukaryotes. Cyanobacteria tsis muaj chloroplasts, tab sis lub cell nws tus kheej ua raws li thylakoid. Cyanobacterium muaj cov phab ntsa ntawm tes, cell membrane, thiab thylakoid membrane. Cov thylakoid daim nyias nyias no tsis tsim grana tab sis tsim cov ntawv zoo li cov qauv sib txuas uas tsim kom muaj qhov chaw txaus rau cov qauv sau qoob los ua cov txheej txheem photosynthesis.
Stroma yog dab tsi?
Stroma raug xa mus rau cov kua dej pob tshab uas tau ntim rau hauv qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm chloroplast. Lub stroma ncig lub thylakoid thiab grana hauv chloroplast. Lub stroma muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, grana, organelles zoo li chloroplast DNA thiab ribosomes thiab tseem muaj cov enzymes uas xav tau rau lub teeb-yeeb yam cuam tshuam ntawm photosynthesis. Raws li stroma muaj Chloroplast DNA thiab ribosomes, nws kuj yog qhov chaw ntawm chloroplast DNA replication, transcription, thiab txhais ntawm qee cov chloroplast proteins. Cov tshuaj biochemical ntawm photosynthesis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub stroma, thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hu ua lub teeb-yooj yim kev xav lossis lub voj voog Calvin. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog peb theem xws li, carbon fixation, txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ribulose 1.5- bisphosphate regeneration.
Daim duab 02: Stroma
Cov proteins uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub stroma yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv lub teeb-yeeb yaj kiab ntawm photosynthesis thiab tseem nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas kho cov zaub mov inorganic hauv cov organic molecules. Chloroplast yog ib yam kabmob txawv txav kuj muaj peev xwm ua tau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov cell. Lub stroma yog qhov xav tau rau qhov no vim tias nws tsis yog tsuas yog nqa tawm lub teeb-yeeb yaj kiab nkaus xwb tab sis kuj tswj cov chloroplast kom tiv taus cov xov tooj ntawm tes kev ntxhov siab ib txhij qhia ntawm cov organelles sib txawv. Lub stroma undergoes autophagy nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab heev yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj los yog rhuav tshem cov qauv puab thiab xim molecules. Cov ntiv tes zoo li qhov projections los ntawm stroma tsis muaj thylakoid tab sis, muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov nucleus thiab endoplasmic reticulum los ua cov txheej txheem tswj hwm hauv chloroplast.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Thylakoid thiab Stroma?
- Ob qho qauv muaj nyob hauv chloroplast.
- Enzymes thiab pigments uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau photosynthesis feem ntau yog embedded hauv thylakoid thiab stroma.
Qhov txawv ntawm Thylakoid thiab Stroma yog dab tsi?
YThylakoid vs Stroma |
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| Thylakoid yog ib qho membranous organelle muaj nyob rau hauv chloroplast. | Stroma yog lub cytoplasm ntawm chloroplast. |
| Thylakoid muab yam tseem ceeb thiab cov xwm txheej los pib lub teeb-nyob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm photosynthesis. | Lub teeb-yeeb yam tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm photosynthesis yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub stroma ntawm chloroplast. |
Summary – Thylakoid vs Stroma
Cov chloroplasts yog cov qauv tiaj tus pom nyob rau hauv cytoplasm ntawm cov nroj tsuag hlwb. Lawv muaj cov thylakoids uas yog me me membrane-bound compartments. Lawv yog cov chaw ntawm lub teeb-nyob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm photosynthesis. Thylakoid feem ntau yog stacked rau cov qauv hu ua grana. Stroma kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov chloroplast. Nws yog ib qho dej tsis muaj xim matrix nyob rau sab hauv ntawm chloroplast. Cov thylakoids yog surrounded los ntawm stroma. Lub stroma yog qhov chaw uas lub teeb-yooj yim ntawm photosynthesis tshwm sim. Cov enzymes thiab pigments uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau photosynthesis feem ntau yog embedded nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si thylakoid thiab stroma. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia qhov txawv ntawm Thylakoids thiab Stroma.
Download PDF Version ntawm Thylakoid vs Stroma
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Thylakoid thiab Stroma
