Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lysosomes thiab ribosomes yog tias lysosomes yog cov chaw ntawm tes ntawm cov khib nyiab pov tseg thaum lub ribosomes yog cov chaw cell ntawm synthesizing proteins.
Ib lub xovtooj muaj cov khoom sib txawv, thiab cov khoom siv no ua haujlwm sib txawv hauv lub xovtooj ntawm tes uas pab cov kabmob muaj sia nyob. Ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm tes, lysosomes thiab ribosomes yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm tes. Cov qauv no ua tiav ob txoj haujlwm sib txawv hauv lub cell. Yog li, ob qho tib si tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes. Lysosomes muaj ntau yam digestive enzymes uas pab kom degrade yam tsis xav tau nyob rau hauv lub cell. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ribosomes yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov protein. Txawm hais tias lawv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm tes, lysosomes tsuas muaj nyob hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic thaum cov ribosomes muaj nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si eukaryotic thiab prokaryotic hlwb.
Lysosomes yog dab tsi?
Tom qab txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, lub hlwb yuav tsum tau tshem tawm tag nrho cov khib nyiab hauv lawv. Yog li ntawd, cov hlwb ua txoj haujlwm no los ntawm kev tau txais kev pab los ntawm lysosomes. Lysosomes yog cov cell organelles suav tias yog cov khib nyiab pov tseg ntawm cov hlwb. Yog li, lawv yog cov hnab ntim cov hnab ntim uas muaj ntau yam digestive enzymes uas degrade tsis xav tau thiab digestible cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, lysosomes pab hauv kev ua kom cov kab mob tsis zoo xws li mitochondria.
Daim duab 01: Lysosome
Belgian tus kws tshawb fawb Christian de Duve tau tshawb pom lub cell organelle hauv xyoo 1949. Lysosomes tswj me ntsis acidic ib puag ncig hauv lawv. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov digestive enzymes ntawm lysosomes ua hauj lwm ntawm acidic pH. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog acid hydrolases. Tsis tas li ntawd, lysosomes muaj ze li 50 qhov sib txawv digestive enzymes rau degradation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Y Ribosomes yog dab tsi?
Ribosomes yog cov tshuab ua cov protein-synthesis ntawm tes. Lawv yog cov qauv me me uas muaj ribosomal RNA thiab cov proteins. Cells xav tau cov protein kom loj hlob, muaj sia nyob thiab pab hauv ntau lub zog ntawm tes. Yog li, tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm tes yuav tsum muaj cov protein. Yog li ntawd, ib lub cell muaj ntau lab tus ribosomes hauv nws.
Ntxiv mus, ribosomes tuaj yeem pom nyob txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub cell. Lawv tuaj yeem pom ntab hauv cytoplasm, lossis lawv tuaj yeem pom ntawm endoplasmic reticulum. Thiab lawv kuj muaj nyob rau hauv qee cov cell organelles xws li chloroplasts thiab mitochondria.
Daim duab 02: Ribosomes
Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho ribosome muaj ob lub subunits uas tuaj ua ke thaum nws yog lub sijhawm los ua cov protein. Prokaryotic hlwb muaj 70S ribosomes uas muaj 50S thiab 30S subunits. Ntawm qhov tod tes, eukaryotic ribosomes yog 80S. Lawv muaj 40S thiab 60S subunits. Yog li ntawd, thaum sib piv qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm prokaryotic ribosomes thiab eukaryotic ribosomes, eukaryotic ribosomes loj dua prokaryotic ribosomes. Tab sis lawv ua haujlwm tib yam uas yog cov protein synthesis.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Lysosomes thiab Ribosomes?
- Lysosomes thiab ribosomes yog ob lub xovtooj ntawm tes.
- Ob leeg muaj nyob hauv cov hlwb eukaryotic.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv ua cov haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cell.
- Tsis tas li, ob qho tib si nyob hauv cytoplasm ntawm cell.
Qhov txawv ntawm Lysosomes thiab Ribosomes yog dab tsi?
Lysosomes yog cov tshuab cellular uas rhuav tshem cov khib nyiab ntawm tes thaum ribosomes yog cov tshuab cellular uas tsim cov proteins los ntawm RNA molecules. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lysosomes thiab ribosomes. Tsis tas li ntawd, lysosomes muaj ib qho array ntawm digestive enzymes uas muaj peev xwm degrading txhua hom polymers ntawm tes thaum ribosomes tsis muaj digestive enzymes. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lysosomes thiab ribosomes.
Lwm qhov txawv ntawm lysosomes thiab ribosomesis uas lysosomes muaj nyob rau hauv ntau lub hlwb thiab cov nroj tsuag feem ntau thaum ribosomes pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsiaj thiab cov nroj tsuag hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlwb prokaryotic tsis muaj lysosomes, tab sis lawv muaj ribosomes.
Cov infographic hauv qab no nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv txog qhov sib txawv ntawm lysosomes thiab ribosomes.
Summary – Lysosomes vs Ribosomes
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm lysosomes thiab ribosomes; lysosomes yog membrane-bound cell organelles uas muaj peev xwm ua txhaum ntawm txhua hom polymers (proteins, DNA, RNA, polysaccharides, lipids, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv lub cell. Qhov no muaj peev xwm yog vim muaj ntau yam ntawm digestive enzymes (txog 50 txawv digestive enzymes) uas lawv muaj. Nyob rau hauv lub cell, lawv tshwm raws li ntom kheej kheej vesicles. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ribosomes yog cov qauv me me uas muaj ribosomal RNA thiab cov proteins. Lawv yog cov tshuab cellular uas ua rau tag nrho cov protein tsim nyog rau lub hlwb. Ib lub xovtooj ntawm tes muaj ntau lab tus ribosomes hauv cytoplasm, txuas rau daim nyias nyias ntawm ER, hauv cov chloroplasts thiab mitochondria.
