Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov Sib Txawv - Hloov Radiation vs Divergent Evolution
Kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog ob txoj hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev hloov pauv. Ob qho txheej txheem no suav nrog kev sib txawv ntawm ib hom los ntawm ib tus poj koob yawm txwv. Kev hloov hluav taws xob yog kev sib txawv ntawm ib hom rau hauv ntau hom ntawv txhawm rau hloov mus rau qhov sib txawv ib puag ncig rau lawv txoj sia nyob. Divergent evolution yog qhov tsub zuj zuj ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg ntawm cov kab mob uas ua rau kev tsim cov tshiab, txawv ntau hom. Qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov pauv hloov pauv.
Adaptive Radiation yog dab tsi?
Radiation yog hais txog cov txheej txheem ntawm speciation ntawm ib hom mus rau ntau hom sib txawv. Muaj ob hom hluav taws xob hu ua adaptive radiation thiab non-adaptive radiation. Kev hloov hluav taws xob hloov pauv yog ib qho txheej txheem ntawm kev sib txawv sai ntawm ib hom tsiaj uas koom nrog cov kab lig kev cai qub rau hauv cov kab mob tshiab. Qhov tshwm sim no tshwm sim vim muaj ntau yam xws li kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig sib txawv, kev hloov pauv hauv cov peev txheej muaj thiab muaj cov niches tshiab ib puag ncig. Cov txheej txheem no pib los ntawm ib tug poj koob yawm txwv thiab kev loj hlob mus rau ntau hom kab mob uas ua rau pom morphologically thiab physiologically varied phenotypic traits.
Qhov piv txwv zoo tshaj rau kev hloov hluav taws xob yog Darwin's finches. Hauv Galapagos Islands, Darwin tau pom muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm finches uas muab piv txwv zoo rau kev hloov hluav taws xob. Nws pom txhua yam ntawm finches tam sim no nyob rau tib lub koog pov txwv thiab pom tias txhua yam sib txawv yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv, uas yog cov noob noj finch.
Daim duab 01: Darwin's Finches (1. Geospiza magnirostris, 2. Geospiza parvula, 3. Certhidea olivacea, 4. Geospiza fortis)
Darwin piav qhia tias cov noob noj finches tau tawg mus rau qhov chaw sib txawv thiab ntsib nrog kev hloov pauv. Cov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb tau pom nyob rau hauv hom beaks. Vim qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov beaks no, qee cov finches maj mam dhau los ua insectivorous thiab herbivorous thiaj li haum rau cov tshiab ib puag ncig niches.
Divergent Evolution yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txuam ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg kab mob uas ua rau tsim cov tshiab, ntau hom kab sib txawv yog hu ua divergent evolution. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tib hom mus rau hauv cov tshiab, sib txawv ecological niches uas thaiv qhov qub ntws ntawm cov noob ntawm cov neeg sib txawv. Qhov no tso cai rau tsim cov yam ntxwv sib txawv vim yog cov caj ces drift thiab ntuj xaiv.
Daim duab 02: Evolutionary development of the vertebrate limb
feem ntau piv txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog vertebrate penta-dactyl limb. Limb qauv tam sim no nyob rau hauv ntau hom kab mob muaj xws li poj koob yawm txwv thiab tau ntsib ib tug divergence nyob rau hauv nws tag nrho cov qauv thiab ua hauj lwm raws li.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Adaptive Radiation thiab Divergent Evolution?
- Nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev, cov hom sib txawv pib los ntawm ib hom poj koob yawm txwv thiab, yog li ntawd, cov tsiaj muaj feem xyuam nrog.
- Ob txheej txheem coj ib qho kev hloov pauv rau cov pej xeem nyob rau lub sijhawm thiab cov tsos ntawm cov tsiaj sib txawv raws sijhawm.
- Ob leeg koom nrog tsim ib hom kab mob tshiab tsim los ntawm ib hom uas twb muaj lawm, uas nyob ntawm kev xaiv ib puag ncig siab.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Adaptive Radiation thiab Divergent Evolution?
Txhob Radiation vs Divergent Evolution |
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| Kev hloov hluav taws xob yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob uas koom nrog cov kab lis kev cai qub qub rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ntawm cov kab mob raws li kev sib txawv ecological niches. | Divergent hluav taws xob yog qhov sib txuam ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm pawg kab mob uas ua rau tsim cov tshiab, ntau hom kab sib txawv. |
| Type of Evolution | |
| Kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob yog hom micro evolution. | Divergent evolution yog hom macro evolution. |
| Kev hloov hluav taws xob yog qhov txheej txheem nrawm. | Divergent evolution yog txheej txheem qeeb. |
| Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov hloov pauv hluav taws xob sib txawv yog qhov sib txawv morphological, physiological thiab ecological hloov pauv hauv ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb. | Ib tiam tshiab ntawm hom tsim uas tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov hom qub. |
| Examples | |
| Piv txwv ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob suav nrog Darwin's finches thiab Australian marsupials. | Penta-dactyl limb qauv ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev hloov pauv hloov pauv. |
Summary – Adaptive Radiation vs Divergent Evolution
Kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov pauv hloov pauv yog ob txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv uas piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm hom tshiab vim yog kev xaiv ntuj tsim thiab caj ces. Kev hloov hluav taws xob hloov pauv yog txheej txheem uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv morphological, physiological thiab ecological ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov pejxeem thiab yog hom microevolution. Divergent evolution yog ib qho txheej txheem uas ua rau tsim cov hom tshiab los ntawm hom uas muaj nyob ua ntej. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab kev hloov pauv hloov pauv.
Download PDF Version of Adaptive Radiation vs Divergent Evolution
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm Adaptive Radiation thiab Divergent Evolution.
