Electric Potential vs Electric Potential Zog
Hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm thiab hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob txoj kev xav. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog lub hauv paus ntawm lub peev xwm hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua ntej thiab tom qab ntawd qhov txawv ntawm ob.
Lub peev xwm hluav taws xob yog dab tsi?
Thaum tham txog lub peev xwm hluav taws xob, kev nkag siab meej ntawm hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau txhais lub ntsiab lus. Tag nrho cov nqi hluav taws xob, txawm tias lawv tsiv los yog nyob ruaj ruaj, tsim hluav taws xob. Ib qho hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tsim tau siv txhua lub sijhawm sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum. Muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws xob teb, uas tsim nyog paub. Cov no yog hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm thiab hluav taws xob flux ceev. Lub zog siv hluav taws xob txhais tau hais tias yog lub zog ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob los ntawm hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog muab los ntawm tus qauv E=Q/4πεr2; qhov twg Q yog tus nqi, ε yog qhov hluav taws xob permittivity ntawm nruab nrab, thiab r yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm qhov taw tes ntawm tus nqi Q. Lub zog ntawm tus nqi taw tes q muab tso rau ntawm qhov taw tes yog sib npaug F=Qq / 4πεr2. Txij li q yog 1 coulomb, qhov no kuj yog sib npaug rau qhov siv hluav taws xob. Lub peev xwm hluav taws xob ntawm ib qho taw tes yog txhais raws li lub zog yuav tsum tau coj tus nqi taw tes ntawm 1 coulomb los ntawm infinity mus rau qhov ntsuas qhov peev xwm. Lub zog no yog sib npaug rau cov haujlwm ua tiav ntawm tus nqi thaum nqa cov nqi ntawm infinity mus rau qhov taw tes. Yog hais tias ob qho tag nrho cov nqi yog qhov zoo, lub zog uas yuav tsum tau siv rau kev xeem nqi ntawm infinity mus rau qhov point yog ib txwm sib npaug thiab antiparallel rau lub zog repulsion ntawm ob nqi. Los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke F, los ntawm infinity mus rau r, nrog rau dr, peb tau txais hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm (V) ntawm qhov taw tes, uas yog Q / 4πεr. Txij li thaum r yog ib txwm zoo, yog tias tus nqi tsis zoo, lub peev xwm hluav taws xob kuj tsis zoo. Cov units ntawm hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm yog joule ib coulomb. Ib qho hluav taws xob zoo li qub yog qhov chaw khaws cia. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm hluav taws xob ntawm qhov hluav taws xob zoo li qub yog txoj kev ywj pheej. Lub peev xwm hluav taws xob ntawm cov teb no tsuas yog nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm xwb.
Lub Zog Muaj Zog Hluav Taws Xob yog dab tsi?
Hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm txhais tau tias yog lub zog khaws cia vim hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm thaum coj tus nqi los ntawm qhov tsis muaj qhov kawg mus rau qhov muab. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias, txij li qhov muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob sib npaug ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau nqa ib chav tsev, lub peev xwm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog cov khoom ntawm lub peev xwm hluav taws xob thiab cov nqi uas tau coj mus. Txij li thaum lub zog muaj peev xwm=Vq, yog tias ob qho tib si V thiab q yog tib lub cim, uas txhais tau hais tias Q thiab q yog tib lub cim, lub zog muaj peev xwm yog qhov zoo. Yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm sab nraud los nqa tus nqi. Yog tias cov cim qhia txawv, lub zog muaj peev xwm dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo. Qhov no qhia tau tias kev ua haujlwm yog ua los ntawm qhov system nws tus kheej.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob yog dab tsi?
• Kev muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob tsuas yog nyob ntawm tus nqi uas ntsuas qhov peev xwm. Lub zog muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob nyob ntawm ob qho tib si ntawm tus nqi.
• Hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ntsuas hauv volts lossis joule ib coulomb. Lub zog muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob ntsuas hauv joule.
