Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Affinity vs Avidity
Antibody antigen kev sib cuam tshuam yog qhov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb hauv cov hlwb los tiv thaiv kab mob. Antigens yog cov khoom txawv teb chaws uas nkag mus rau hauv cov cell. Lawv tsuas yog tsim los ntawm polysaccharides lossis glycoproteins thiab muaj cov duab tshwj xeeb. Kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm antigen thiab antibody tshwm sim raws li qhov tseeb khi ntawm ob tog los ntawm cov ntawv cog lus uas tsis yog-covalent xws li hydrogen bonds, van der Waals bonds, thiab lwm yam. Qhov kev sib cuam tshuam no rov qab los. Affinity thiab avidity yog ob qhov kev ntsuas uas ntsuas lub zog ntawm antigen-antibody kev sib cuam tshuam hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm affinity thiab avidity yog qhov affinity yog qhov kev ntsuas ntawm lub zog ntawm tus kheej kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho epitope thiab ib qho chaw khi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum avidity yog qhov ntsuas ntawm tag nrho cov kev sib txuas ntawm antigenic determinants thiab antigen binding sites ntawm multivalent antibody. Affinity yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm antigen antibody.
Kev sib hlub yog dab tsi?
Qhov kev sib raug zoo yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw antigen khi ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab ib qho epitope ntawm antigen. Affinity tus nqi qhia txog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov txaus nyiam thiab kev ua phem ntawm ib tus neeg epitope thiab ib tus neeg khi qhov chaw. Tus nqi siab affinity yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam nrog kev sib raug zoo nrog ntau zog ntawm epitope thiab Ab binding site. Tus nqi qis qis qhia tias qhov sib npaug qis ntawm qhov ntxim nyiam thiab ntxim nyiam.
Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob monoclonal tuaj yeem ntsuas tau yooj yim vim tias lawv muaj ib qho epitope thiab yog homogeneous. Polyclonal antibodies ntsuas qhov nruab nrab affinity tus nqi vim lawv cov xwm txheej heterogeneous thiab lawv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov affinities ntawm qhov sib txawv antigenic epitopes.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) yog cov txheej txheem tshiab hauv kev tshuaj tshuaj uas yog siv los ntsuas qhov affinity ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws ua rau cov ntaub ntawv meej dua, yooj yim thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau kev txiav txim siab affinity. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab affinity khi nrog epitope sai sai thiab ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo uas txuas ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum tsis tshua muaj affinity antibodies dissolve qhov kev sib cuam tshuam thiab tsis pom los ntawm kev soj ntsuam.
Avidity yog dab tsi?
Lub avidity ntawm ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm tag nrho lub zog ntawm kev khi ntawm antigens thiab antibody. Nws nyob ntawm ntau yam xws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau cov antigen, valence ntawm antigen thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam. Yog tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj ntau ntau thiab muaj cov qauv zoo, qhov kev sib cuam tshuam tseem muaj zog heev vim muaj kev ua siab ntev. Avidity ib txwm qhia tus nqi siab dua qhov kev suav ntawm tus kheej affinities.
Feem ntau antigens yog multimeric thiab feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog multivalence. Li no, feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob antigen tseem muaj zog thiab ruaj khov vim muaj kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm antigen-antibody complex.
Figure01: Affinity thiab Avidity ntawm ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Affinity thiab Avidity?
Affinity vs Avidity |
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| Affinity yog hais txog lub zog ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho antigenic epitope nrog ib qhov chaw sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. | Avidity yog qhov ntsuas ntawm tag nrho lub zog ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm antigenic epitopes nrog multivalence antibody. |
| Qhov no tshwm sim ntawm tus kheej epitope thiab ib tus neeg khi qhov chaw | Qhov no tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam antigens thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. |
| Kev sib haum xeeb yog qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ntxim nyiam thiab kev xav tsis thoob. | Avidity tuaj yeem suav tias yog tus nqi ntau dua li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus kheej. |
Summary – Affinity vs Avidity
Antigen antibody kev sib cuam tshuam yog qhov tshwj xeeb, thim rov qab, tsis yog-covalent kev sib cuam tshuam tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Nws zoo ib yam li cov enzyme substrate kev sib cuam tshuam. Cov antigen tshwj xeeb khi nrog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Affinity thiab avidity yog ob qho kev ntsuas ntawm qhov kev sib tshuam no. Affinity qhia txog lub zog ntawm ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib qho epitope thiab ib qho chaw sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Avidity qhia txog tag nrho lub zog ntawm antigen antibody complex. Qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm affinity thiab avidity. Avidity yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau qhov kev sib raug zoo uas tshwm sim hauv ib qho antigen antibody complex vim tias feem ntau cov antigens thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj ntau yam thiab tuav ntau qhov kev sib cuam tshuam kom ruaj khov.
