Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hemagglutinin thiab neuraminidase yog tias hemagglutinin khi nrog cell nto sialic acid ntawm lub hom phiaj ntawm cov hlwb kom pab txhawb cov kab mob sib txuas rau cov hlwb thaum neuraminidase cleaves sialic acid los ntawm cov kab mob receptors los tso cov kab mob progeny los ntawm cov tswv tsev cell.
Kab mob khaub thuas A kab mob siv cov tshuab endocytic nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb. Lawv kis tau cov cell los ntawm kev siv cellular endocytosis. Cov kab mob no txuas mus rau saum npoo ntawm tus tswv tsev cell thiab ua kom lub rooj sib txoos ntawm clathrin cargo thiaj li yuav tsum tau internalized los ntawm tus tswv tsev cell. Cov kab mob khaub thuas A siv ob daim nyias nyias glycoproteins rau lawv cov kab mob. Lawv yog hemagglutinin (HA) thiab neuraminidase (NA). Ob qho proteins yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tus kab mob motility thiab nkag mus. Lawv koom nrog hauv kev kis tus kab mob, kis tau tus mob, pathogenicity, tus tswv tsev tshwj xeeb, thiab loj antigenicity. Ob leeg HA thiab NA paub sialic acid ntawm lub hom phiaj hlwb. HA khi nrog sialic acids thiab pab txhawb kev sib txuas ntawm tus kab mob mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes thaum NA cleaves sialic acid compounds thiab pab txhawb kev tso tawm cov kab mob progeny los ntawm tus tswv tsev cell.
Hemagglutinin yog dab tsi?
Hemagglutinin yog ib daim nyias nyias glycoprotein pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tus kab mob Influenza A. Nws yog ib qho zoo li cov protein. Nws yog tus kab mob loj tshaj plaws ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas uas ua haujlwm thaum ntxov ntawm tus kab mob. Nws khi nrog cov receptors uas muaj sialic acid compounds ntawm lub hom phiaj hlwb thiab pib cov kab mob txuas nrog cov tswv tsev. Cov kab mob hauv lub cev cuam tshuam cov kab mob los ntawm endocytosis. Tus kab mob genome tuaj rau hauv lub cell cytoplasm thaum lub cell digests cov ntsiab lus ntawm endosome. Tsis tas li ntawd, hemagglutinin muaj peev xwm ua kom cov qe ntshav liab agglutinate, cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm RBCs.
Daim duab 01: Hemagglutinin
Peb hom hemagglutinins tseem ceeb rau tib neeg kev kis kab mob: H1, H2 thiab H3. Peb hom no yog tshwj xeeb rau tib neeg mob khaub thuas. Lawv tau tshwj xeeb kom paub txog cov suab thaj tshwj xeeb hauv peb txoj kev ua pa.
Neuraminidase yog dab tsi?
Neuraminidase yog qhov chaw glycoprotein pom hauv tus kab mob khaub thuas A. Nws yog ib qho pwm zoo li cov nceb uas tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus kab mob. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej phem ntawm tus kab mob no uas pab tiv thaiv tus tswv tsev.
Daim duab 02: Neuraminidase
Zoo ib yam li HA, NA ua kom cov kab mob kis tau thiab kis los ntawm tib neeg mus rau tib neeg. Nws ua haujlwm raws li hydrolytic enzyme. NA lees paub sialic acid thiab cleaves nws thiaj li tso tus kab mob mus rau lwm lub hlwb tshiab. Yog li, NA ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm kawg ntawm kev kis tus kabmob. Nws tshem tawm sialic acids los ntawm ob lub cellular receptors thiab los ntawm cov tshiab synthesized HA thiab NA. NA kev txiav txim tiv thaiv virion aggregation thiab khi rov qab mus rau lub cell tuag. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev vam meej tso tawm ntawm tus kab mob progeny thiab kis mus rau lub hom phiaj tshiab ntawm tes.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Hemagglutinin thiab Neuraminidase?
- Hemagglutinin thiab neuraminidase yog ob qhov chaw glycoproteins uas tawm los ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas sab nrauv.
- Influenza A virions muaj ob glycoproteins.
- Virus txav yog nyob ntawm HA thiab NA.
- Lawv kev koom tes txhim kho tus kab mob kis tus kabmob ntawm tus tswv tsev.
- kis kab mob, kis tau tus mob, muaj kab mob, tus tswv tsev tshwj xeeb, thiab kev tiv thaiv loj ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas A yog nyob ntawm cov kab mob membrane no.
- Ob leeg muaj peev xwm dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, txhais tau tias lawv tuaj yeem hloov lawv tus cwj pwm antigenic.
- HA thiab NA ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kov yeej tus tswv tsev thaiv.
- Ntxiv rau, lawv muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib kis ntawm tib neeg mus rau tib neeg.
Qhov txawv ntawm Hemagglutinin thiab Neuraminidase yog dab tsi?
Hemagglutinin yog ib qho antigenic glycoprotein pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas A uas khi nrog sialic acid uas muaj cell membrane receptors los pib kis kab mob. Hauv qhov sib piv, neuraminidase yog ib qho antigenic glycoprotein pom nyob rau saum npoo ntawm tus kab mob Influenza A uas cleaves sialic acid los ntawm receptors los xyuas kom meej qhov kev tso tawm ntawm tus kab mob progeny. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm hemagglutinin thiab neuraminidase. Ntxiv mus, hemagglutinin yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau theem pib ntawm kev kis tus kab mob, thaum neuraminidase tseem ceeb rau theem kawg ntawm tus kab mob. NA ua haujlwm raws li hydrolytic enzyme, thaum HA tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm li enzyme.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm hemagglutinin thiab neuraminidase hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Hemagglutinin vs Neuraminidase
Hemagglutinin thiab neuraminidase yog ob qhov chaw loj glycoproteins pom nyob rau hauv kab mob khaub thuas A. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv viral motility thiab nkag mus rau hauv host cells. Hemagglutinin khi nrog receptors thiab pab txhawb kev vam meej nrog cov tswv tsev hlwb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, neuraminidase ua haujlwm raws li hydrolytic enzyme thiab cleaves sialic acid los ntawm tus kab mob receptors txhawm rau tso tawm cov kab mob progeny los ntawm tus tswv tsev rau kev nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb tshiab, pib qhov tshiab ntawm cov kab mob sib kis. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm hemagglutinin thiab neuraminidase.
