Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine yog sphingomyelin yog hom phosphosphinghoside thaum phosphatidylcholine yog hom phosphoglyceride.
Sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine yog ob hom phospholipids hauv cov kab mob lom. Phospholipids yog cov lipids uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws uas ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha. Lawv yog amphiphilic molecules uas feem ntau hu ua polar lipids. Thawj phospholipid tau pom nyob rau hauv 1847. Nws tau pom nyob rau hauv lub qe qe ntawm qaib los ntawm Fabkis chemist thiab kws muag tshuaj Theodore Nicolas Gobley. Nws hu ua qhov no phospholipid lecithin (phosphatidylcholine). Nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, phospholipids purified tau ua lag luam rau kev siv hauv ntau yam xws li nanotechnology thiab khoom siv science. Phospholipids muaj peb pawg: phosphoglycerides, phosphoinositides thiab phosphosphinghosides.
Sphingomyelin yog dab tsi?
Sphingomyelin yog ib hom phosphosphinghoside, uas yog hom phospholipids. Nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj cell membranes, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv myelin sheath uas nyob ib ncig ntawm paj hlwb axons. Nws muaj phosphocholine thiab ceramide los yog ib pawg phosphoethanolamine taub hau. Feem ntau, sphingomyelin muaj ib pawg phosphocholine taub hau, sphingosine, thiab fatty acid. Nws yog hydrolyzed los ntawm sphingomyelinases. Thaum hydrolysis, nws yields fatty acid, unsaturated amino cawv, phosphoric acid, thiab choline. Sphingomyelin yog thawj zaug cais los ntawm German chemist Johann L. W. Thudicum nyob rau xyoo 1880s. Cov qauv ntawm cov molecule no tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1927 raws li N-acyl sphingosine-1-phosphorylcholine.
Daim duab 01: Sphingomyelin Synthesis
Cov ntsiab lus sphingomyelin hauv cov tsiaj txhu muaj li ntawm 2 txog 15% hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Qhov siab tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov qe ntshav liab, thiab lub qhov muag lo ntsiab muag. Sphingomyelin muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cell. Cov metabolism ntawm cov molecule no tsim ntau yam khoom uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cell. Sphingomyelin plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev xa cov teeb liab thiab cell apoptosis. Ntxiv mus, sphingomyelin koom nrog hauv lipid microdomains (lipid raft) uas muab ntau zog rau cov plasma membrane. Cov pob txha sphingomyelin nyob rau hauv tus po, siab, ntsws, pob txha pob txha, thiab lub hlwb ua rau muaj kab mob hu ua Niemann-Pick. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm lysosomal enzyme acid sphingomyelinase. Cov mob no ua rau cov hlab ntsha tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los.
Phosphatidylcholine yog dab tsi?
Phosphatidylcholine yog ib hom phosphoglycerides, uas yog phospholipids. Nws yog thawj phospholipid pom nyob rau hauv 1847 nyob rau hauv lub qe qe ntawm qaib los ntawm Fabkis chemist thiab kws muag tshuaj Theodore Nicolas Gobley. Thaum pib, cov tshuaj no tau hu ua lecithin (phosphatidylcholine). Gobley tau piav qhia txog cov qauv tshuaj ntawm lecithin hauv xyoo 1874. Phosphatidylcholine muaj glycerol, fatty acid, phosphoric acid, thiab choline. Phospholipase D hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine los tsim phosphatidic acid (PA) thiab tso tawm cov soluble choline taub hau pawg rau hauv cytosol.
Daim duab 02: Phosphatidylcholine
Lawv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob lom. Qe yolks thiab soya taum yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm phosphatidylcholine. Nws tseem yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm pulmonary surfactant. Lawv tuaj yeem thauj ntawm daim nyias nyias hauv lub cell nrog kev pab ntawm phosphatidylcholine hloov cov protein (PCTP). Cov molecule no plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cell mediated signaling. Ntxiv mus, ib qho kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2011 qhia txog phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) koom nrog atherosclerosis. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm ib qho enzyme hu ua lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, uas ua rau mob atherosclerosis ntxov. Cov mob no yog ib yam mob ntawm tsev neeg keeb kwm. Txawm li cas los xij, lecithin muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv; Piv txwv li, lecithin pom zoo rau kev kho dementia thiab ulcerative colitis.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Sphingomyelin thiab Phosphatidylcholine?
- Sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine yog phospholipids.
- Lawv ob leeg muaj fatty acids, phosphoric acid, thiab choline pawg.
- Ob leeg yog polar lipids.
- Cov no muaj qhov xwm txheej amphiphilic.
- Lawv ob leeg muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob lom.
- Ob leeg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev taw qhia ntawm tes.
Qhov txawv ntawm Sphingomyelin thiab Phosphatidylcholine yog dab tsi?
Sphingomyelin yog hom phosphosphinghoside, thaum phosphatidylcholine yog hom phosphoglyceride. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine. Tsis tas li ntawd, sphingomyelin tsis muaj glycerol hauv nws cov qauv. Hauv qhov sib piv, phosphatidylcholine muaj glycerol hauv nws cov qauv.
Cov lus qhia hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – Sphingomyelin vs Phosphatidylcholine
Phospholipids yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub cell membranes. Lawv muab faib ua peb pawg: phosphoglycerides, phosphoinositides, thiab phosphosphinghosides. Sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine yog ob hom phospholipids hauv cov kab mob lom. Sphingomyelin yog ib hom phosphosphinghoside, thaum phosphatidylcholine yog hom phosphoglyceride. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm sphingomyelin thiab phosphatidylcholine.
