Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm epistasis thiab pleiotropy yog qhov epistasis yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib lub noob ntawm ib qho chaw hloov pauv phenotypic qhia ntawm ib lub noob ntawm lwm qhov chaw thaum pleiotropy piav qhia qhov tshwm sim uas ib tus noob cuam tshuam ntau yam phenotypic.
Epistasis thiab pleiotropy yog ob qhov tshwm sim hauv caj ces. Epistasis tshwm sim thaum ntau tshaj ib lub noob txiav txim siab ib qho phenotype. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv epistasis, ib tug noob cuam tshuam qhov kev qhia ntawm lwm cov noob nyob rau ntawm ib qho chaw sib txawv. Hauv qhov sib piv, pleiotropy tshwm sim thaum ib tus noob txiav txim siab ntau yam phenotypes. Yog li ntawd, ib tug gene pab txhawb rau ntau yam ntxwv. Ob leeg epistasis thiab pleiotropy yog variations ntawm Mendelian Inheritance.
Epistasis yog dab tsi?
Epistasis piav qhia txog kev koom tes thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lossis ntau lub noob caj noob ces los qhia txog ib qho phenotype. Hauv lwm lo lus, epistasis tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob lub noob uas cov txiaj ntsig lossis cov khoom lag luam ntawm ib qho allele ntawm cov noob yog cuam tshuam los ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm alleles ntawm lwm cov noob.
Piv txwv li, yog tias cov xim yog tsim los ntawm kev ua ntawm ob lub noob, noob 1 thiab noob 2, tsis muaj kev qhia ntawm ob lub noob, cov xim tsis tuaj yeem ua ke. Gene 1 yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov molecule los ntawm precursor molecule, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom nruab nrab yuav hloov mus rau hauv cov xim los ntawm kev qhia ntawm cov noob 2. Yog li ntawd, kev sib raug zoo ntawm ob lub noob yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov xim kawg. muab qhov kawg phenotype. Qhov no yog hu ua epistasis. Epistasis tseem tuaj yeem xa mus rau cov noob uas npog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm lwm cov noob.
Daim duab 01: Epistasis
Kev hloov ntawm ib lub noob lossis ob qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov noob loci tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phenotype. Yog li ntawd, raws li kev hloov pauv thiab qhov loj ntawm epistasis, nws tuaj yeem ua tau ntau yam xws li zoo epistasis, tsis zoo epistasis, antagonistic epistasis thiab synergistic epistasis.
Pleiotropy yog dab tsi?
Pleiotropy tshwm sim thaum ib tus noob cuam tshuam ntau yam phenotypic. Qee cov noob muaj feem cuam tshuam ntau yam sib txawv. Lawv tsis code rau ib tug yam ntxwv. Raws li pleiotropy, ib lub noob ua rau muaj ntau yam tsis sib xws. Piv txwv li, cov noob coding rau cov noob xim xim tsis yog tsuas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov xim ntawm cov noob, tab sis nws tseem ua rau paj thiab axil pigmentation ib yam nkaus.
Daim duab 02: Pleiotropy
Muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm pleiotropic noob hauv tib neeg, thiab. Marfan syndrome yog ib qho teeb meem uas qhia tau hais tias pleiotropy. Ib lub noob yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub hnub qub ntawm cov tsos mob, suav nrog kev nyias nyias, sib koom ua ke hypermobility, limb elongation, lens dislocation, thiab nce kev mob plawv. Ntxiv mus, phenylketonuria (PKU) yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm pleiotropy hauv tib neeg. Qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov noob coding rau cov enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase ua rau muaj ntau yam phenotypes txuam nrog PKU, nrog rau kev puas hlwb, eczema, thiab pigment defects.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Epistasis thiab Pleiotropy?
Ob qho tib si epistasis thiab pleiotropy tsis ua raws li Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg vim lawv qhia qhov txawv ntawm Mendel txoj cai ntawm qub txeeg qub teg
Qhov txawv ntawm Epistasis thiab Pleiotropy yog dab tsi?
Epistasis tshwm sim thaum qhov kev qhia ntawm cov noob yog tswj los ntawm kev qhia ntawm lwm cov noob. Pleiotropy, ntawm qhov tod tes, tshwm sim thaum ib tus noob tswj tau ntau yam phenotypic. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm epistasis thiab pleiotropy. Raws li epistasis, ib lub noob tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lwm cov noob rau nws txoj kev qhia. Raws li pleiotropy, qee cov noob muaj feem cuam tshuam ntau dua ib qho kev zoo.
Ntxiv mus, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm epistasis thiab pleiotropy yog qhov kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm noob tshwm sim hauv epistasis thaum cov noob tsis cuam tshuam hauv pleiotropy.
Hauv qab no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm epistasis thiab pleiotropy.
Summary – Epistasis vs Pleiotropy
Epistasis yog qhov tshwm sim uas cov noob ntawm ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb hloov cov phenotypic qhia ntawm cov noob ntawm lwm qhov chaw. Pleiotropy yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib leeg tswj hwm lossis cuam tshuam ntau yam phenotypic. Hauv epistasis, ob lossis ntau cov noob cuam tshuam rau ib qho zoo thaum nyob hauv pleiotropy, ib lub noob cuam tshuam rau ob lossis ntau qhov zoo. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm epistasis thiab pleiotropy. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob lossis ntau lub noob sib cuam tshuam thaum lub sijhawm epistasis thaum cov noob tsis cuam tshuam hauv pleiotropy.
