Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg thiab pleiotropy yog tias nyob rau hauv cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg polygenic, ib qho phenotypic zoo yog tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob, thaum nyob rau hauv pleiotropy, ib lub noob cuam tshuam ntau yam tsis cuam tshuam txog phenotypic.
Feem ntau, ib lub noob lej rau ib qho phenotypic zoo. Muaj ob lub alleles rau ib lub noob. Ob lub alleles yuav yog homozygous dominant (AA), homozygous recessive (aa) lossis heterozygous (Aa). Thaum lub sij hawm tsim gamete, alleles cais nws tus kheej raws li Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov tsis yog-Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg. Polygenic qub txeeg qub teg thiab pleiotropy yog ob yam zoo li no. Nyob rau hauv polygenic qub txeeg qub teg, ntau cov noob sib cuam tshuam thiab cuam tshuam rau ib qho phenotypic zoo. Hauv pleiotropy, ib lub noob cuam tshuam ntau yam tsis sib xws phenotypic.
Polygenic Inheritance yog dab tsi?
Polygenic qub txeeg qub teg yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib qho phenotypic zoo yog tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob. Nws tseem hu ua quantitative inheritance. Hauv cov lus yooj yooj yim, cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg polygenic tshwm sim ib leeg phenotypic zoo yog tswj los ntawm ob lossis ntau lub noob. Yog li ntawd, ntau lub noob muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg ntxiv los cuam tshuam rau phenotypic zoo.
Daim duab 01: Kev Tsim Nyog Muaj Peev Xwm
Qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm phenotypic zoo tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov ntau. Polygenic qub txeeg qub teg tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau yam kab mob sib txawv, suav nrog tib neeg thiab drosophila. Qhov siab, xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov muag xim thiab qhov hnyav yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm polygenic qub txeeg qub teg hauv tib neeg. Nyob rau hauv cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg, cov yam ntxwv feem ntau qhia txog phenotypic spectrum es tsis qhia meej-txiav pawg. Piv txwv li, daim tawv nqaij pigmentation nyob rau hauv tib neeg qhia tau hais tias ib tug phenotypic spectrum vim nws yog tswj los ntawm ntau yam noob. Zoo ib yam li pleiotropy, polygenic qub txeeg qub teg tsis ua raws li cov qauv ntawm Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg.
Pleiotropy yog dab tsi?
Pleiotropy yog qhov tshwm sim uas ib tus noob cuam tshuam ntau yam phenotypic lossis phenotypes. Yog li ntawd, cov noob tshwj xeeb no tsis yog code rau ib tus yam ntxwv. Nws pab txhawb rau ntau yam tsis sib xws. Piv txwv li, cov gene coding rau cov noob lub tsho xim tsis yog tsuas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov noob txheej xim; Nws pab txhawb rau paj thiab axil pigmentation ib yam nkaus.
Daim duab 02: Marfan Syndrome
Hauv tib neeg, muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm pleiotropic noob. Marfan syndrome yog ib qho teeb meem uas qhia tau hais tias pleiotropy. Ib lub noob yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub hnub qub ntawm cov tsos mob, suav nrog kev nyias nyias, sib koom ua ke hypermobility, limb elongation, lens dislocation, thiab nce kev mob plawv. Ntxiv mus, phenylketonuria (PKU) yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm pleiotropy hauv tib neeg. Qhov tsis xws luag hauv cov noob coding rau cov enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase ua rau muaj ntau yam phenotypes txuam nrog PKU, nrog rau kev puas hlwb, eczema, thiab pigment defects.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Polygenic Inheritance thiab Pleiotropy?
- Polygenic qub txeeg qub teg thiab pleiotropy yog ob qhov tshwm sim uas qhia tias tsis yog-Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg.
- Ob qho xwm txheej tuaj yeem pom hauv ntau yam kab mob, suav nrog tib neeg.
Qhov txawv ntawm Polygenic Inheritance thiab Pleiotropy yog dab tsi?
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntau cov noob cuam tshuam rau ib qho phenotypic zoo yog hu ua polygenic qub txeeg qub teg. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib lub noob cuam tshuam rau ntau yam phenotypic zoo yog hu ua pleiotropy. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov noob qoob loo polygenic thiab pleiotropy. Pigmentation ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib qho piv txwv feem ntau ntawm cov qub txeeg qub teg polygenic. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov siab, qhov muag xim, thiab cov xim plaub hau kuj qhia tau tias muaj ntau yam qub txeeg qub teg. Marfan syndrome yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm pleiotropy.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg thiab pleiotropy.
Summary – Polygenic Inheritance vs Pleiotropy
Polygenic qub txeeg qub teg yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho kev coj ua uas tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob. Ntawm qhov tod tes, pleiotropy yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib lub noob uas cuam tshuam ntau yam. Ob qho tib si polygenic qub txeeg qub teg thiab pleiotropy tsis ua raws li Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg. Cov tawv nqaij pigmentation, qhov siab, qhov muag xim thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob yog qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom qub qub. Marfan syndrome, phenylketonuria thiab noob lub tsho xim yog cov piv txwv ntawm pleiotropy. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg polygenic thiab pleiotropy.
