Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab pob zeb diamond yog cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub pob zeb diamond yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon.
Carbon yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg muaj tus lej atomic 6 thiab cov cim tshuaj C. Nws tshwm sim hauv cov qauv sib txawv, uas peb hu ua allotropes ntawm carbon. Cov qauv no tsuas muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide raws li cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis qhov kev npaj ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms txawv ntawm ib leeg. Pob zeb diamond kuj yog ib hom allotrope. Lub cev lub cev ntawm allotropes txawv ntawm ib leeg.
carbon yog dab tsi?
Carbon yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj tus lej atomic 6 thiab cov cim tshuaj C. Nws yog ib tug nonmetal nyob rau hauv lub p block element nyob rau hauv lub periodic rooj ntawm lub ntsiab. Raws li kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm cov pa roj carbon ([Nws] 2s 2 2p2), cov pa roj carbon atom tuaj yeem tsim plaub cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg. Ntxiv mus, lub caij no muaj isotopes (atoms ntawm tib lub caij muaj ntau tus lej ntawm neutrons). Qhov ntau tshaj thiab ruaj khov isotope ntawm carbon yog 12C thaum 13 C yog qhov ruaj khov tab sis tsawg dua isotope; 14C, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog cov xov tooj cua isotope.
Daim duab 01: Allotropes ntawm Carbon
Allotropes ntawm carbon yog cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas tsuas muaj cov pa roj carbon atoms tab sis sib txawv spatial kev npaj. Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv tshwm sim ntawm cov pa roj carbon. Cov piv txwv feem ntau yog pob zeb diamond thiab graphite. Txawm hais tias ob qho tib si cov qauv no tsuas muaj cov pa roj carbon atoms xwb, lawv muaj cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv. Piv txwv li, pob zeb diamond yog pob tshab thaum graphite yog opaque. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov lwm yam tshuaj muaj tseeb txog carbon tau teev tseg raws li hauv qab no:
- Tus lej Atomic yog 6
- Mass naj npawb yog 12.011
- Pab 14 thiab Lub Sijhawm 2
- p block element
- Reactive nonmetal
- Ntawm qhov ntsuas kub thiab siab, nws tshwm sim hauv lub xeev khov
- Sublimation point yog 3642 °C
- Triple point yog 4600 K, 10, 800 kPa
- feem ntau oxidation xeev yog +4
pob zeb diamond yog dab tsi?
Pob zeb diamond yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon. Nws yog ib qho khoom siv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas muaj cov duab peb sab. Ntxiv mus, txhua cov pa roj carbon atom txuas nrog plaub lwm cov pa roj carbon atom ntawm covalent tshuaj sib txuas. Thiab, cov qauv siv lead ua no hu ua "pob zeb diamond cubic" qauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv ntuj, qhov sib xyaw no muaj qhov siab tshaj plaws hardness thiab thermal conductivity. Yog li ntawd, pob zeb diamond yog ib qho kev lag luam rau kev txiav thiab polishing cov cuab yeej.
Daim duab 02: Pob zeb diamond vs Graphite
Qee qhov tseeb ntawm pob zeb diamond yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Tau rau qeb ntawm cov zaub mov ib txwm
- Repeating unit yog carbon
- Formula mass yog 12.01 g/mol
- Xim feem ntau yog daj, xim av, lossis grey rau xim tsis muaj xim
- Fracture is irregular/uneven
- Ntxiv mus, nws cov ntxhia streak tsis muaj xim
Qhov txawv ntawm Carbon thiab pob zeb diamond yog dab tsi?
Carbon yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj atomic naj npawb 6 thiab cov cim tshuaj C thaum lub pob zeb diamond yog qhov muaj zog tshaj allotrope ntawm carbon. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab pob zeb diamond yog cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub pob zeb diamond yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon. Ntxiv mus, cov tsos ntawm carbon nyob ntawm seb hom allotrope, piv txwv li graphite muaj xim tsaus thiab yog opaque thaum pob zeb diamond yog pob tshab thiab zoo li feem ntau daj, xim av, los yog grey rau xim tsis muaj xim. Txawm hais tias feem ntau allotropes ntawm carbon muaj lub zog qis dua, pob zeb diamond yog cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog tshaj plaws uas tshwm sim hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov lus hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm carbon thiab pob zeb diamond.
Summary – Carbon vs Diamond
Carbon muaj ntau yam allotropes thaum lub zog tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog pob zeb diamond. Yog li, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov pa roj carbon thiab pob zeb diamond yog cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub pob zeb diamond yog ib qho allotrope ntawm carbon.
