Natural Selection vs Artificial Selection
Natural Selection yog dab tsi?
Cov tib neeg hauv cov pej xeem muaj peev xwm xeeb tub thiab tsim tau ntau tus xeeb ntxwv. Tus naj npawb tsim muaj ntau dua li tus lej muaj sia nyob. Qhov no yog hu ua over production. Cov tib neeg hauv cov pej xeem sib txawv hauv cov qauv lossis morphology, kev ua haujlwm lossis kev ua haujlwm lossis tus cwj pwm. Cov kev sib txawv no hu ua variations. Variations tshwm sim ntawm random. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau zoo, qee qhov kev hloov pauv tau dhau mus rau tiam tom ntej thiab lwm qhov tsis yog. Cov kev hloov pauv no, uas tau dhau mus rau tiam tom ntej, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lwm tiam. Muaj kev sib tw rau cov peev txheej tsawg xws li zaub mov, chaw nyob, chaw yug me nyuam thiab cov phooj ywg hauv hom lossis nrog lwm hom. Cov tib neeg uas muaj kev hloov pauv tau zoo muaj qhov zoo dua hauv kev sib tw thiab siv cov peev txheej ib puag ncig zoo dua li lwm tus. Lawv muaj sia nyob hauv ib puag ncig. Qhov no yog lub npe hu ua ciaj sia taus ntawm lub fittest. Lawv yug me nyuam, thiab cov neeg uas tsis muaj kev hloov pauv zoo feem ntau tuag ua ntej yug me nyuam los yog tsis rov tsim dua. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tib neeg hauv cov pej xeem tsis hloov ntau vim qhov no. Yog li, cov kev hloov pauv tau zoo tau txais kev xaiv ntuj thiab khaws cia hauv ib puag ncig. Kev xaiv ntuj tsim los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam ua rau tib neeg hloov mus rau ib puag ncig zoo dua. Thaum cov tib neeg ntawm cov pej xeem sib txawv ntau heev vim qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov kev hloov pauv hloov tau yooj yim kom lawv tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog niam cov pej xeem, ib hom tshiab tshwm sim.
Kev xaiv Artificial yog dab tsi?
Tib neeg xyaum xaiv cov khoom tsim rau kev yug tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev xaiv khoom tsim yog cais cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig thiab xaiv kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg. Qhov no tuaj yeem siv tau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau, cov txiav, cov txiav, tus txiav Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv genotype ntawm cov pejxeem. Kev xaiv khoom cuav tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev yug me nyuam thiab kev yug me nyuam. Inbreeding muaj kev xaiv rov ua dua ntawm cov kab mob sib ze. Qhov no tuaj yeem nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm tib niam txiv. Qhov no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg yug tsiaj los tsim nyuj, npua, nqaij qaib thiab yaj uas muaj cov qoob loo siab ntawm cov nqaij, mis nyuj, qe thiab lwm yam. Txawm li cas los xij, kev yug me nyuam yuav ua rau txo qis ntawm fertility. Kev yug me nyuam hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau txo qis ntawm caj ces hloov pauv raws li homozygous genotypes pib dominate. Txhawm rau zam qhov teeb meem no, tus yug me nyuam tuaj yeem hloov mus rau kev yug me nyuam tom qab ob peb tiam yog tsim los ntawm inbreeding. Outbreeding muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev cog qoob loo. Nws yog tam sim no kuj tau siv los ua lag luam ntau lawm ntawm nqaij, qe thiab lwm yam. Nws koom nrog kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Feem ntau nws yog nqa tawm ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm cov kab sib txawv thiab hauv qee cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov tsiaj sib ze. Cov noob yog hu ua hybrids. Cov cim phenotypic qhia tau zoo tshaj rau cov niam txiv. Kev nce qib tsis ntev los no ntawm tib neeg kev paub txog noob caj noob ces ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tshem tawm lossis xaiv qee yam cim hauv tib neeg ib yam nkaus.
Qhov txawv ntawm Artificial Selection thiab Natural Selection yog dab tsi?
• Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tsim thiab kev xaiv ntuj tsim hauv cov txheej txheem caj ces cuam tshuam.
• Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txawv yog tias, hauv kev xaiv khoom tsim, cov txheej txheem evolution tau cuam tshuam los ntawm tib neeg.
