Qhov txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic yam ntxwv

Cov txheej txheem:

Qhov txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic yam ntxwv
Qhov txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic yam ntxwv

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic yam ntxwv

Video: Qhov txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic yam ntxwv
Video: Qhov Txawv Ntawm Lus Hmoob Thiab Lus Mab Mawb 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov khoom sib txawv yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam yog cov yam ntxwv uas tswj tau los ntawm ntau cov noob caj noob ces thiab ib puag ncig, thaum polygenic zoo yog cov yam ntxwv uas tswj tau los ntawm ntau tshaj ib lub noob.

Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg piav qhia tias kev qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tus cwj pwm yog tswj los ntawm ib tus noob uas muaj ob qho alleles. Gregor Mendel (Leej Txiv ntawm Genetics) tau tsim peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus los piav qhia tias tus cwj pwm zoo li cas dhau los ntawm niam txiv mus rau cov xeeb ntxwv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev zam rau Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg. Polygenetic qub txeeg qub teg yog ib qho kev zam. Ib tug polygenic trait yog ib tug zoo los yog phenotype uas yog tswj los ntawm ntau tshaj ib tug noob (polygenes). Feem ntau cov yam ntxwv polygenic yog tswj hwm los ntawm ib puag ncig yam. Lawv hu ua multifactorial traits. Yog li ntawd, multifactorial traits yog polygenic traits uas muaj zog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig yam.

Dab tsi yog Multifactorial Traits?

Multifactorial traits yog phenotypes uas muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig yam tsis yog ntau yam noob. Muaj ntau yam xws li caj ces thiab ib puag ncig ua rau cuam tshuam rau cov phenotype multifactorial. Multifactorial traits muaj zog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, multifactorial traits raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ob lossis ntau lub noob, nrog rau ib puag ncig yam. Multifactorial traits tsis ua raws li Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg. Multifactorial traits tej zaum yuav tsis tu ncua los yog discontinuous.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic Traits
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic Traits

Daim duab 01: Multifactorial Trait – Xim Xim

Muaj cov tib neeg mob uas muaj ntau yam xwm txheej. Piv txwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau yam thiab cov kab mob muaj xws li qhov siab, qhov tsis xws luag ntawm lub raj neural (spina bifida (qhib qaum) thiab anencephaly (qhib pob txha taub hau)), thiab hip dysplasia. Qhov siab yog txiav txim los ntawm ob qho tib si caj ces thiab ib puag ncig. Cov qauv ntiv tes thiab qhov muag xim kuj tseem muaj ntau yam zoo.

Dab tsi yog Polygenic Traits?

Polygenic traits yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm phenotypes uas cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau cov noob los yog ntau cov noob nyob rau tib lub chromosomes. Yog li ntawd, polygenic yam ntxwv yog tswj los ntawm ntau alleles. Cov yam ntxwv no qhia txog kev faib tawm tas mus li (tswj cov duab nkhaus). Lawv tsis ua raws li Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg.

Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv - Multifactorial vs Polygenic yam
Qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv - Multifactorial vs Polygenic yam

Daim duab 02: Polygenic Trait

Txawm hais tias qhov qub txeeg qub teg Mendelian piav qhia tias tus cwj pwm zoo yog tswj hwm los ntawm ib tus noob, feem ntau tib neeg tus cwj pwm yog cov yam ntxwv zoo uas tau tswj los ntawm ntau tshaj ib lub noob. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm polygenic yog qhov nyuaj thiab tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm Mendel tus qauv ntawm kev qub txeeg qub teg. Tib neeg qhov siab yog polygenic zoo. Qhov siab yog tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob (ntau tshaj rau alleles). Lwm qhov piv txwv yog xim tawv nqaij. Cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij kuj raug tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob sib txawv. Tib neeg qhov muag xim kuj raug tswj los ntawm tsawg kawg 14 noob.

Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic Traits?

  • Multifactorial traits yog polygenic traits uas muaj zog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig.
  • Lawv raug tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob / alleles.
  • Lawv yog kev zam ntawm Mendelian qub txeeg qub teg.
  • Ntau tus tib neeg tsis zoo yog cov kab mob ntau yam lossis cov kab mob polygenic.
  • Multifactorial thiab polygenic kab mob yog qhov nyuaj heev los daws.

Qhov txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic yam yog dab tsi?

Multifactorial traits yog cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog cov caj ces thiab ib puag ncig. Polygenic traits yog cov yam ntxwv uas tswj tau los ntawm ntau cov noob (ob lossis ntau lub noob). Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm multifactorial thiab polygenic zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov khoom sib txawv yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv tuaj yeem ua tsis tu ncua lossis tsis tu ncua, tab sis qhov zoo ntawm polygenic yog tas mus li.

Hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia luv luv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv thiab ntau yam.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic Traits hauv Tabular Daim Ntawv
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Multifactorial thiab Polygenic Traits hauv Tabular Daim Ntawv

Summary – Multifactorial vs Polygenic Traits

Polygenic traits yog tswj los ntawm ntau cov noob. Yog li ntawd, ntau cov noob caj noob ces ua rau tag nrho cov phenotype. Feem ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm polygenic muaj zog cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig yam. Yog li ntawd, polygenic traits raug cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau cov noob caj noob ces thiab ib puag ncig yog hu ua multifactorial traits. Ob qho tib si multifactorial thiab polygenic zoo tsim lub tswb nkhaus uas qhia txog kev faib tawm ib txwm muaj. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab ntau yam.

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