Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntsev choj thiab hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog cov ntsev choj yog lub raj nrog cov electrolyte txuas ob ib nrab ntawm cov hlwb hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hos hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub zog ntawm ob lub atom ntawm ob lub molecules sib txawv.
Tus choj ntsev yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tswj kev sib txuas ntawm ob ib nrab ntawm cov xov tooj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Nws yog pom ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tswj kev sib txuas ntawm ob lub molecules, uas tuaj yeem tsim hydrogen bonds.
S alt Bridge yog dab tsi?
S alt choj yog ib lub raj uas muaj cov electrolyte (feem ntau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug gel), muab hluav taws xob tiv tauj ntawm ob txoj kev daws teeb meem. Yog li, lub raj no tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas oxidation thiab txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm galvanic cell. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev siv tus choj ntsev yog los pab txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv electrochemical kom ncav cuag qhov sib npaug sai. Yog tias tsis muaj ntsev choj, ib nrab ntawm tes yuav sau cov nqi zoo, thiab lwm ib nrab ntawm tes khaws cov nqi tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim hluav taws xob nres.
Muaj ob hom ntsev txuas hniav: iav raj choj thiab lim ntawv choj. Lub iav raj ntsev choj yog U-tube ua los ntawm iav thiab nws muaj cov electrolyte. Hauv cov ntawv lim dej ntsev choj, muaj ib daim ntawv lim dej nrog cov electrolyte.
Hydrogen Bond yog dab tsi?
Ib daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog ib hom kev nyiam ntawm ob lub atom ntawm ob lub molecules sib txawv. Nws yog ib tug tsis muaj zog attraction quab yuam. Tab sis, thaum piv rau lwm hom kev sib xyaw ua ke xws li kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm polar-polar, nonpolar-nonpolar kev sib cuam tshuam zoo li Vander Waal rog, hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus muaj zog dua.
Feem ntau, hydrogen bonds tsim ntawm cov polar covalent molecules. Cov molecules no muaj polar covalent bonds, uas tsim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov electronegativity qhov tseem ceeb ntawm atoms uas nyob rau hauv covalent daim ntawv cog lus. Yog hais tias qhov sib txawv no siab, lub siab electronegative atom nyiam nyiam cov nyiaj electrons ntawm nws tus kheej. Yog li, qhov no tsim lub sijhawm dipole qhov twg lub atom heev electronegative tau txais ib nrab nqi tsis zoo, thaum lwm lub atom tau txais ib nrab nqi zoo. Tom qab ntawd daim ntawv cog lus dhau los ua ib daim ntawv cog lus covalent. Thaum cov molecule no ntsib lwm cov molecule uas muaj lub sijhawm dipole zoo li no, cov nqi tsis zoo thiab qhov zoo yuav nyiam ib leeg. Thiab, qhov kev quab yuam no hu ua hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus.
Ntxiv mus, hydrogen bonds yog tsim los ntawm cov electronegative atoms thiab tsawg electronegative atoms. Ntxiv mus, lawv muaj nyob thaum peb muaj O, N, thiab F nyob rau hauv ib lub molecule thiab zoo them H nyob rau hauv lwm yam molecule. Nws yog vim F, N, thiab O yog cov electronegative atoms uas muaj peev xwm tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Txoj Kev Ntsev thiab Hydrogen Bond?
S alt choj thiab hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus tseem ceeb hauv kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom xav tau. Piv txwv li, ib tug ntsev choj txuas ob ib nrab ntawm ib tug electrochemical cell, thaum hydrogen bond txuas ob lub molecules. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntsev choj thiab hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog tias tus choj ntsev yog lub raj nrog cov electrolyte txuas ob ib nrab ntawm lub hlwb hauv ib lub xov tooj hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, ib daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen yog ib qho kev sib tw ntawm ob lub atom ntawm ob lub molecules sib txawv.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus choj ntsev thiab hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus.
Summary – S alt Choj vs Hydrogen Bond
S alt choj thiab hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom xav tau. Piv txwv li, tus choj ntsev txuas ob ib nrab ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thaum lub hydrogen bond txuas ob lub molecules. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm tus choj ntsev thiab hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog tias tus choj ntsev yog ib lub raj uas muaj cov electrolyte, thiab nws txuas ob ib nrab ntawm lub hlwb hauv cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hos hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus yog lub zog ntawm ob lub atoms ntawm ob lub molecules sib txawv.
