Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane yog nyob rau hauv alkyl nitrite, pawg alkyl raug khi rau cov pa atom, hos hauv nitro alkane, pawg alkyl khi nrog nitrogen atom.
Txawm hais tias lub npe alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane suab zoo ib yam, lawv yog ob hom sib txawv ntawm cov organic tebchaw. Ob lub tebchaw no muaj ib pab pawg nitro thiab alkyl hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke, tab sis lawv txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li txoj haujlwm uas ob pawg sib txuas rau ib leeg; Hauv alkyl nitrite, pawg alkyl txuas los ntawm oxygen atom, thaum nyob rau hauv nitro alkane, pawg alkyl txuas los ntawm nitrogen atom.
Alkyl Nitrite yog dab tsi?
Alkyl nitrites yog ib pawg ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov qauv R-ONO. Lawv yog alkyl esters ntawm nitrous acid. Cov me me alkyl nitrite tebchaw yog volatile tebchaw, thiab lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev ua kua. Tab sis methyl nitrite thiab ethyl nitrite (qhov tsawg tshaj plaws alkyl nitrites) yog gases ntawm chav tsev kub.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv tshuaj ntawm Alkyl Nitrite
Tsis tas li ntawd, alkyl nitrites muaj cov ntxhiab tsw qab. Thaum xav txog kev npaj, peb tuaj yeem tsim lawv los ntawm cawv thiab sodium nitrite. Ntawm no, peb yuav tsum siv acidic nruab nrab, feem ntau yog siv sulfuric acid. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kev npaj, cov khoom sib xyaw ua rau qeeb qeeb rau hauv oxides ntawm nitrogen thiab dej nrog rau cawv. Daim ntawv thov loj ntawm alkyl nitrite yog siv tshuaj; rau kev pab ntawm angina thiab kab mob plawv.
Nitro Alkane yog dab tsi?
Nitro alkanes yog ib pawg ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov qauv R-NO2. Hauv qhov sib xyaw no, pawg alkyl khi nrog nitrogen atom ntawm nitro pawg. Txij li thaum ib pab pawg nitro (-NO2) muaj zog electron rho tawm, cov ntawv cog lus C-H uas nyob ib sab yog acidic.
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv ntawm Nitro Alkane
Feem ntau, peb tuaj yeem tsim nitro alkanes ntawm cov dawb radical nitration ntawm alkanes. Thaum xav txog cov ntawv thov, nitro alkane yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua cov khoom ua ntej rau kev tsim cov alkanes thiab alkenes hloov tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib xyaw no tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov molecules complex xws li carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, complex heterocyclic qauv, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov txawv ntawm Alkyl Nitrite thiab Nitro Alkane yog dab tsi?
Txawm hais tias lub npe alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane suab zoo ib yam, lawv yog ob hom sib txawv ntawm cov organic tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane yog tias, hauv alkyl nitrite, pawg alkyl yog sib koom ua ke rau cov pa atom, thaum nyob rau hauv nitro alkane, pawg alkyl khi nrog nitrogen atom. Alkyl nitrites feem ntau muaj cov ntxhiab tsw qab, tab sis nitro alkane muaj cov ntxhiab tsw txawv. Ntxiv mus, cov me me alkyl nitrites muaj nyob rau hauv gaseous theem thaum lwm cov alkyl nitrites nyob rau hauv cov kua theem; Txawm li cas los xij, nitro alkanes muaj nyob hauv cov kua tsis muaj xim uas hloov mus rau xim daj me ntsis thaum khaws cia rau qee lub sijhawm.
Thaum xav txog cov ntawv thov, alkyl nitrites muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li tshuaj rau cov kab mob plawv thiab ua cov tshuaj reagents rau kev tsim cov organic sib txawv. Nitro alkanes tseem ceeb heev rau kev tsim cov alkanes thiab alkenes, complex molecules xws li carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, complex heterocyclic lug, thiab lwm yam.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane.
Summary – Alkyl Nitrite vs Nitro Alkane
Txawm hais tias lub npe alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane suab zoo ib yam, lawv yog ob hom sib txawv ntawm cov organic tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm alkyl nitrite thiab nitro alkane yog nyob rau hauv alkyl nitrite pawg alkyl yog sib koom ua ke rau ib qho oxygen atom whereas hauv nitro alkane pawg alkyl khi nrog nitrogen atom.
