Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Neurons vs Neurotransmitters
Lub paj hlwb yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb uas sau thiab faib cov ntaub ntawv hauv ib tus neeg los sib txuas lus nrog lub cev sab nraud thiab tswj cov txheej txheem hauv lub cev. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ib tug complex network ntawm neurons thiab glia uas xa cov lus mus rau thiab los ntawm lub hlwb thiab qaum qaum. Lub paj hlwb tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob yam tseem ceeb xws li lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab thiab lub paj hlwb peripheral. Lub paj hlwb peripheral muaj feem ntau ntawm cov paj hlwb tshwj xeeb hu ua neurons. Neurons yog cov hlwb uas xa cov teeb liab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev nrog kev sib txuas ntawm lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab (lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum). Neurons tsis kov ib leeg. Lawv siv me me biochemical molecules hu ua neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj xa xov uas pab txhawb lub teeb liab kis tau los ntawm ib qho neuron mus rau lub hom phiaj neuron los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neurons hu ua synapse lossis synaptic cleft. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov neurons thiab neurotransmitters yog cov neurons yog cov hlwb uas xa cov teeb liab hauv lub cev thaum neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj xa xov uas pab cov neurons xa cov teeb liab los ntawm qhov khoob ntawm neurons.
Neurons yog dab tsi?
Ib neuron yog lub hauv paus ua haujlwm ntawm peb lub paj hlwb. Neurons yog cov paj hlwb tshwj xeeb uas tau txais, txheej txheem thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub cev mus rau lub hlwb thiab rov qab mus rau lub cev. Muaj 10 txog 100 billion neurons hauv peb lub paj hlwb. Neurons tsis rov tsim dua. Kwv yees li 10000 neurons tuag txhua hnub los ntawm peb lub cev.
Daim duab 01: Neuron
Ib neuron yog tsim los ntawm peb lub ntsiab; cell lub cev, dendrites, thiab axon. Dendrites tau txais cov lus los ntawm lwm cov neurons thiab dhau ntawm lub cev ntawm tes mus rau axons. Axons hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau hauv cov teeb liab tshuaj lom neeg thiab xa mus rau cov neuron tom ntej los ntawm cov synapse siv cov tshuaj hu ua neurotransmitters. Dendrites ntawm cov neuron tom ntej hloov cov teeb liab tshuaj ntxiv rau hauv cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab hla nws cov axon mus rau cov nyees khawm. Ib yam li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv raug xa mus los ntawm cov neurons thoob plaws hauv lub cev mus rau hauv lub cev, cov qog, cov leeg thiab mus rau lwm cov neurons.
Neurotransmitters yog dab tsi?
Neurons tsis txuas nrog ib leeg. Ntau cov neurons koom nrog hauv kev xa cov teeb liab mus rau lub hom phiaj hauv peb lub cev. Cov lus uas yog nqa los ntawm cov neurons kis tau mus rau lub hom phiaj neuron los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neurons uas yog ua los ntawm cov molecules tshwj xeeb hu ua chemical messengers hauv lub paj hlwb. Lawv yog cov neurotransmitters. Cov neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj xa xov ntawm peb lub paj hlwb uas pab txhawb cov teeb liab kis tau los ntawm synapse lossis synaptic clefts. Lawv kuj yog cov neeg xa xov liaison siv los ntawm peb lub hlwb. Enzymes synthesize lawv. Neurotransmitters tau khaws cia rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ze ntawm cov kab mob presynaptic (cov nyees khawm ntawm lub axon).
Thaum qhov kev ua haujlwm muaj peev xwm nce mus txog cov kab mob presynaptic, nws ua rau cov hlwv uas muaj cov kab mob neurotransmitters fuse nrog presynaptic membrane thiab tso cov neurotransmitters mus rau hauv lub synaptic cleft. Neurotransmitters dais cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau dhau los ntawm cov neurons. Cov neurotransmitters khi nrog cov receptors nyob rau hauv postsynaptic membrane ntawm lub hom phiaj neuron (feem ntau tej zaum lub postsynaptic kawg yog ib tug dendrite ntawm lwm neuron). Thaum cov neurotransmitters khi nrog postsynaptic receptors, nws yuav tsim ib qho kev cuam tshuam los yog inhibit cov nyhuv hauv postsynaptic neuron raws li hom teeb liab.
Muaj peb lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tso tawm neurotransmitters. Lawv tuaj yeem khi rau postsynaptic receptors thiab tsim cov nyhuv, lossis lawv tuaj yeem khi nrog nws pib receptors thiab inhibit tom qab tso tawm neurotransmitter, lossis lawv tuaj yeem rov ua dua los ntawm presynaptic membrane thiab degrade los ntawm enzymes.
Daim duab 01: Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters tuaj yeem yog amino acid, peptide lossis monoamine. Serotonin, Acetylcholine, Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Adrenaline, Glutamate, Noradrenaline, Epinephrine, Endorphins, Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) yog ntau yam neurotransmitters. Adrenaline hu ua kev sib ntaus lossis davhlau neurotransmitter. Noradrenaline hu ua concentration neurotransmitter. Dopamine yog hu ua kev lom zem neurotransmitter. Serotonin yog lub npe hu ua mus ob peb vas neurotransmitter. GABA yog lub npe hu ua calming neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine yog hu ua kev kawm neurotransmitter. Glutamate hu ua nco neurotransmitter. Endorphins yog euphoria neurotransmitters.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Neurons thiab Neurotransmitters?
Neurons thiab neurotransmitters koom nrog hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cev
Qhov txawv ntawm Neurons thiab Neurotransmitters yog dab tsi?
Neurons vs Neurotransmitters |
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| Neurons yog cov hlwb tshwj xeeb ntawm lub paj hlwb uas nqa cov lus los ntawm cov txheej txheem electro-chemical hu ua qhov ua tau zoo. | Neurotransmitters yog cov tshuaj xa xov xa tawm los ntawm ib qho neuron mus rau lub hom phiaj neuron los ntawm synapse lossis synaptic cleft. |
| Nature | |
| Neurons yog hlwb. | Neurotransmitters yog me me biochemical molecules. |
| qauv | |
| Neurons yog tsim los ntawm dendrites, cell lub cev nrog organelles thiab axon. | Neurotransmitters yog cov molecules khaws cia hauv vesicles. |
| Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb | |
| Neurons yog tsim los xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cev. | Neurotransmitters feem ntau koom nrog hauv kev xa cov teeb liab tshuaj los ntawm synapse (qhov khoob ntawm cov neurons). |
Summary – Neurons vs Neurotransmitters
Neurons yog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub paj hlwb. Lawv yog cov hlwb tshwj xeeb uas tsim cov teeb liab hluav taws xob thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub cev. Neurons txuas nrog lub hlwb thiab qaum qaum. Neurons tsis kov ib leeg. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neurons. Cov khoob no hu ua synapse. Me me biochemical molecules hu ua neurotransmitters pab txhawb lub teeb liab kis los ntawm synapse. Neurotransmitters ua hauj lwm raws li tshuaj xa xov ntawm cov neurons. Ntau hom neurotransmitters tuaj yeem pom hauv peb lub cev. Cov enzymes synthesize lawv, thiab lawv khaws cia nyob rau hauv me me vesicles. Thaum qhov kev txiav txim muaj peev xwm mus txog thaj tsam presynaptic, neurotransmitters raug tso tawm los ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau hauv lub synaptic cleft thiab kho cov ntaub ntawv dhau los ntawm ib qho neuron mus rau lwm qhov neuron. Ob leeg neurons thiab neurotransmitters tseem ceeb heev nrog kev txhawj xeeb rau cov teeb liab kis hauv peb lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov neurons thiab neurotransmitters.
Download PDF Version ntawm Neurons vs Neurotransmitters
Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm PDF version ntawm kab lus no thiab siv nws rau offline hom phiaj raws li daim ntawv ceeb toom. Thov download PDF version ntawm no Qhov txawv Ntawm Neurons thiab Neurotransmitters
