Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte yog tias sporophyte yog cov qauv diploid uas koom nrog kev tsim tawm ntawm kev sib deev thaum lub gametophyte yog cov qauv haploid uas koom nrog kev sib deev ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Nroj tsuag me nyuam ntawm asexual reproduction nrog rau ntawm kev sib deev. Thaum lub sij hawm evolution ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub neej, ib tug variation yuav pom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov me nyuam system ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob ntawm seb complexity ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Hauv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, peb ntsib rau ntau hom nroj tsuag xws li Bryophytes, Psilophytes, Lycophytes, Sphenophytes, Pteridophytes thiab Spermatophytes. Thaum txiav txim siab rau tag nrho rau hom, cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob ntawm txhua pawg sib txawv ntawm ib leeg. Hauv ntau cov nroj tsuag, kev sib deev kev sib deev tshwm sim los ntawm ob theem sib txawv hu ua meiosis thiab fertilization. Los ntawm meiosis thiab fertilization, lub neej voj voog ntawm cov nroj tsuag faib ua ob theem sib txawv hu ua sporophyte tiam thiab gametophyte tiam. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem, ob theem no coj qhov chaw hloov thiab yog li hu ua Alternation of Generations. Hauv qee cov nroj tsuag, tiam sporophyte yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj li tiam gametophyte thaum nyob hauv qee pawg ntawm cov nroj tsuag, gametophyte tiam yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Sporophyte yog dab tsi?
Sporophyte sawv cev rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Nws yog cov qauv diploid uas muaj ob pawg ntawm chromosomes hauv cov hlwb. Sporophyte tiam yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov nroj tsuag siab dua xws li angiosperms thiab gymnosperms thiab hauv pteridophytes. Tsis tas li ntawd, tiam no pib nrog kev tsim ntawm diploid zygote thaum fertilization ntawm ob hom gametes. Lub zygote faib los ntawm mitosis thiab loj hlob mus rau hauv diploid sporophyte.
Daim duab 01: Sporophytes
Ntxiv mus, sporophytes dais sporangia, thiab los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua meiosis (uas txo cov chromosomes hauv ib lub xovtooj mus rau ib nrab ntawm nws niam nws txiv lub hlwb), lub diploid sporophyte tsim cov spores haploid. Cov haploid spores germinate thiab nws thiaj li loj hlob raws li multicellular haploid qauv hu ua gametophytes uas muab nce mus rau tom ntej gametophyte tiam uas yog ib theem kev sib deev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov spores haploid koom nrog tsim cov nroj tsuag tshiab ntawm kev yug me nyuam asexual.
Gametophyte yog dab tsi?
Gametophyte sawv cev rau theem kev sib deev ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub neej voj voog. Nws yog theem haploid uas tseem ceeb hauv cov nroj tsuag qis xws li bryophytes thiab algae. Nrog evolution, gametophyte tiam tau dhau los ua me thiab txwv rau hauv ib lub hlwb. Gametophyte theem pib nrog kev tsim ntawm haploid spores los ntawm sporophytes.
Daim duab 02: Gametophyte
Raws li, spores faib los ntawm mitosis thiab txhim kho mus rau hauv ntau lub cellular haploid qauv hu ua gametophyte. Tsis tas li ntawd, los ntawm kev faib dua los ntawm mitosis, gametophytes tsim haploid txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes (qe thiab phev) thiaj li ua tiav kev sib deev. Cov txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes fuse thaum muaj kev sib deev thiab tsim ib lub cell diploid hu ua zygote. Tom qab ntawd, lub zygote pib tiam tom ntej uas yog tiam sporophyte. Ib yam li ntawd, kev hloov ntawm tiam mus txuas ntxiv hauv cov nroj tsuag.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Sporophyte thiab Gametophyte?
- Sporophyte thiab gametophyte yog ob theem ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub neej voj voog.
- Cov theem no pab hloov lwm tiam neeg ntawm haploidy thiab diploidy.
- Kuj, ob qho tib si yog cov qauv sib txuas.
- Tsis tas li ntawd, ob leeg tsim cov hlwb haploid (spores lossis gametes).
Qhov txawv ntawm Sporophyte thiab Gametophyte yog dab tsi?
Sporophyte sawv cev rau theem diploid (2N) vim yog tsim ntawm zygote, thaum gametophyte sawv cev rau theem haploid (N) vim qhov tshwm sim ntawm meiosis. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte. Tsis tas li ntawd, theem sporophyte tsim cov spores haploid, thaum lub sij hawm gametophyte tsim cov txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes (qe thiab phev). Yog li ntawd, theem sporophyte yog asexual, thaum lub sij hawm gametophyte yog kev sib deev. Li no, nws kuj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte.
Ntxiv mus, qhov sib txawv ntxiv ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte yog tias diploid zygote yog thawj lub xovtooj ntawm ib tiam sporophyte, thiab haploid spore yog thawj lub xovtooj ntawm gametophyte tiam. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv Bryophytes, Psilophytes, thiab Lycophytes, theem gametophyte loj dua thiab tseem ceeb, thiab theem sporophyte loj hlob nyob rau theem gametophyte. Hauv angiosperms thiab gymnosperms, theem sporophyte yog qhov loj dua thiab tseem ceeb sib piv, thaum theem gametophyte yog qhov sib piv me me. Li no, nws yog lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte.
Hauv qab no yog ib qho infographic ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte uas muab cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Summary – Sporophyte vs Gametophyte
Kev hloov ntawm tiam yog ib qho kev tshwm sim hauv lub neej voj voog ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Li no, lub neej voj voog mus ntawm ob theem sib txawv; theem asexual thiab theem kev sib deev. Lub asexual theem sawv cev rau tiam sporophyte thaum lub sij hawm kev sib deev sawv cev los ntawm gametophyte tiam. Ntxiv mus, sporophytes yog diploid thiab muaj ob pawg chromosomes. Ntawm qhov tod tes, gametophytes yog haploid thiab muaj ib pawg chromosomes. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte. Tsis tas li ntawd, sporophyte tsim cov spores haploid thaum gametophyte tsim cov txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes. Hauv bryophytes thiab algae, gametophyte tiam yog tseem ceeb thaum nyob rau hauv pteridophytes, gymnosperms thiab angiosperms, gametophyte tiam yog tseem ceeb. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm sporophyte thiab gametophyte.
