Qhov txawv ntawm Atom Economy thiab feem pua yield

2024 Tus sau: Alex Aldridge | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 13:40

Qhov Tseem Ceeb Qhov txawv - Atom Economy vs Feem pua Yield

Atom kev lag luam thiab feem pua yield yog siv los txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm atom kev lag luam tseem ceeb heev vim nws muab cov ntsiab lus hais txog yuav ua li cas ntsuab cov txheej txheem. Nws kuj qhia txog qhov pov tseg ntawm atoms thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov feem pua yield yog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom muab los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog rau qhov kev xav tau ntawm tus nqi (tus nqi theoretical). Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atom kev lag luam thiab feem pua yield yog qhov kev lag luam atom yog xam los ntawm kev faib cov molar pawg ntawm cov khoom xav tau los ntawm cov molar loj ntawm tag nrho cov reactants whereas feem pua yield yog xam los ntawm diving qhov tseeb yield ntawm cov khoom los ntawm theoretical yield ntawm cov khoom.

Atom Economy yog dab tsi?

Atom kev lag luam lossis atom efficiency yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis nrog rau cov atoms siv thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj synthesis. Yog tias kev lag luam atom yog 100%, nws txhais tau tias tag nrho cov atoms uas tau koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem tau siv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov no txhais tau tias tag nrho cov atoms nyob rau hauv cov reactants tau hloov mus rau hauv atoms ntawm cov khoom. Yog tias kev lag luam atom ntawm cov txheej txheem siab, nws yog hu ua txheej txheem ntsuab.

Equation for Atom Economy Calculation

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev lag luam atom tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev sib npaug hauv qab no.

Atom kev lag luam=(molar loj ntawm cov khoom xav tau / molar loj ntawm tag nrho cov reactants) x 100%

Daim duab 1: Kev hloov pauv ntawm Atom Economy Raws li Cov Kev Sib Txawv Sib Txawv

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem zoo tagnrho, tag nrho cov atoms nyob rau hauv cov reactants yog siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv reactants. Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj atom pov tseg. Tab sis hauv cov txheej txheem tiag tiag, kev lag luam atom qis dua 100%. Qhov no yog vim kev tsim cov byproducts es tsis txhob muab cov khoom xav tau xwb. Qhov no yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb loj thaum nws los txog rau cov txheej txheem uas siv cov khoom siv uas raug nqi siab.

Example

Kev tsim cov txiv neej anhydride los ntawm benzene. Qhov no yog ib qho tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation; Cov reactants koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem yog benzene thiab molecular oxygen.

Benzene + 4.5oxygen → txiv neej anhydride + 2 carbon dioxide + 2water

Molar loj ntawm cov khoom xav tau=(12 × 4) + (16 × 3) + (1 × 2)

=98g/mol

Molar loj ntawm tag nrho cov reactants; benzene=(12 × 6) + (1 × 6)

=78g/mol

Molecular oxygen=4.5(16 × 2)

=144 g/mol

Tag nrho cov huab hwm coj ntawm reactants=78 + 144

=222 g/mol

Atom kev lag luam=(98/222) x 100%

=44.14%

Percentage Yield yog dab tsi?

Percentage yield (tseem hu ua feem pua yield) yog cov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw tshuaj, nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig theoretical. Tus nqi yog muab raws li feem pua. Qhov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag yog qhov peb tau txais los ntawm qhov kev sim qhov theoretical yield yog tus nqi suav los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, xav txog stoichiometry.

Thaum xam qhov theoretical yield, ib tug yuav tsum xav txog qhov txwv reagent. Limiting reagent los yog limiting reactant yog tus reactant uas txiav txim siab npaum li cas ntawm cov khoom tau ua. Kev txwv cov reactant tau noj thaum lub sijhawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas lwm cov reactants tseem nyob txawm tias tom qab ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vim tias lawv yog cov reagents ntau dhau.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Pom Cov Limiting Reagent?

Ex: Cia peb xav txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Al (14 g) thiab Cl₂ (4.25 g) roj. Cov khoom kawg yog AlCl_3.

2Al+3Cl₂ → 2AlCl₃

Tus moles ntawm Al tam sim no=14 / 26.98=0.52 mol

Cov moles ntawm Cl_{2 tam sim no=4.25 / 70.90=0.06 mol}

Stoichiometric piv ntawm Al thiab Cl_2=2:3

Yog li ntawd, 2 moles ntawm Al react nrog 3 moles ntawm Cl₂. Ces tus nqi ntawm Cl_{2 yuav tsum tau teb nrog 0.52 mol ntawm Al yog=(3/2) x 0.52=0.78 mol}

Tab sis, tsuas yog 0.06 mol tam sim no. Yog li ntawd, Cl_{2 yog qhov txwv reagent ntawm no. Tom qab ntawd qhov theoretical yield yog xam siv tus nqi ntawm Al tam sim no hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov.}

Theoretical yield=(2/3) x 0.06 x 133.3=5.33 g

Yog tias qhov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag tau los ntawm kev sim yog muab li 4.33g, ces qhov feem pua yield tuaj yeem suav tau raws li hauv qab no.

Percentage yield=(4.33 / 5.33) x 100%=81.24%

Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Atom Economy thiab feem pua yield?

• Ob qho tib si atom kev lag luam thiab feem pua yield yog feem pua.
• Ob qho tib si atom kev lag luam thiab feem pua yuav tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los txiav txim siab qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Atom Economy thiab feem pua yield?

Atom Economy vs Feem pua Yield
Atom kev lag luam yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev hwm rau cov atoms siv thaum lub sij hawm sib xyaw ua ke.	Percentage yield yog qhov tseeb tawm los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis tshuaj, hais txog qhov theoretical yield.
Atom kev lag luam yog xam los kwv yees qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab txiav txim siab cov pov tseg ntawm atoms.	Percentage yield yog xam los txiav txim seb tus nqi ntawm cov khoom tau muab coj los piv rau qhov kev cia siab theoretical.
suav
Atom kev lag luam yog xam los ntawm kev faib cov molar pawg ntawm cov khoom xav tau los ntawm molar pawg ntawm tag nrho cov reactants	Percentage yield yog xam los ntawm kev dhia qhov tseeb tawm ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov theoretical yield ntawm cov khoom.

Summary – Atom Economy vs Feem Xyuam Yield

Atom kev lag luam thiab feem pua ntawm cov txiaj ntsig yog feem pua ntawm cov txiaj ntsig uas suav nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm atom kev lag luam thiab feem pua yield yog qhov kev lag luam atom yog xam los ntawm kev faib cov molar pawg ntawm cov khoom xav tau los ntawm cov molar loj ntawm tag nrho cov reactants whereas feem pua yield yog xam los ntawm diving qhov tseeb yield ntawm cov khoom los ntawm theoretical yield ntawm cov khoom.