Descriptive vs Inferential Statistics
Kev Txheeb Xyuas yog kev qhuab qhia ntawm kev sau, kev tshuaj xyuas, thiab kev nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv. Txoj kev xav ntawm kev txheeb cais tau muab faib ua ob ceg raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv tsim los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev piav qhia Statistics yog dab tsi?
Kev piav qhia txheeb cais yog ceg ntawm kev txheeb cais uas piav qhia cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teev ntau npaum li cas. Txhawm rau sawv cev rau cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa kom raug raws li qhov ua tau, cov ntaub ntawv raug suav nrog siv cov duab kos lossis cov lej.
Cov duab thab plaub yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tabulating, pab pawg, thiab kos duab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txaus siab. Kev faib tawm zaus thiab cov txheeb ze zaus faib histogram yog cov sawv cev zoo li no. Lawv piav qhia txog kev faib cov txiaj ntsig thoob plaws hauv cov pejxeem.
Cov lej suav nrog suav nrog kev ntsuas piav qhia xws li qhov nruab nrab, hom, thiab txhais tau tias. Cov kev ntsuas piav qhia ntxiv tau muab faib ua ob chav kawm; lawv yog cov kev ntsuas ntawm lub hauv paus nyiam thiab ntsuas ntawm dispersion / variation. Qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov nruab nrab nyiam yog qhov nruab nrab / nruab nrab, nruab nrab, thiab hom. Txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej theem ntawm applicability thiab usefulness. Qhov twg ib tug yuav ua tsis tau, lwm tus yuav sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv teev zoo dua.
Raws li lub npe txhais tau tias, kev ntsuas ntawm kev sib cais suav nrog ntsuas kev faib cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov ntau, tus qauv sib txawv, qhov sib txawv, feem pua thiab quartile ntau yam, thiab coefficient ntawm kev hloov pauv yog ntsuas ntawm kev sib cais. Lawv muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev sib kis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Ib qho piv txwv yooj yim ntawm kev siv cov txheeb cais piav qhia yog suav Qib Qib Nruab Nrab ntawm tus tub ntxhais kawm. GPA hauv qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm cov txiaj ntsig thiab yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev kawm tag nrho ntawm tus tub ntxhais kawm tshwj xeeb.
Dab tsi yog Inferential Statistics?
Inferential cov txheeb cais yog ceg ntawm kev txheeb cais, uas muab cov lus xaus txog cov neeg muaj kev txhawj xeeb los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm cov qauv uas raug random, soj ntsuam, thiab cov qauv sib txawv. Feem ntau, cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov lus xaus tau los ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov dav dav los sawv cev rau tag nrho cov pejxeem.
Tus qauv yog ib pawg ntawm cov pejxeem, thiab kev ntsuas ntawm kev piav qhia cov txheeb cais rau cov ntaub ntawv tau los ntawm cov qauv tsuas yog hu ua kev txheeb cais. Cov kev ntsuas ntawm kev piav qhia cov txheeb cais tau los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm cov qauv yog lub npe hu ua tsis tau thaum siv rau cov pejxeem, thiab lawv sawv cev rau tag nrho cov pejxeem.
Inferential cov txheeb cais tsom mus rau kev nthuav dav cov txheeb cais tau los ntawm tus qauv kom raug raws li qhov ua tau los sawv cev rau cov pej xeem. Ib qho kev txhawj xeeb yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus qauv. Yog tias tus qauv tsis ncaj ncees, ces cov txiaj ntsig kuj tseem muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees, thiab cov kev ntsuas raws li cov no tsis sawv cev rau tag nrho cov pej xeem kom raug. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm inferential txheeb cais. Statistical assumpions, Statistical decision theory, and estimation theory, hypothesis testing, design of thwmsim, tsom xam qhov txawv, thiab kev tsom xam ntawm regression yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav ntawm inferential statistics.
Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev nqis tes yog qhov kev twv ua ntej ntawm qhov kev xaiv tsa ua ntej kev pov npav los ntawm kev xaiv tsa.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm thiab Kev Txheeb Xyuas Inferential?
• Kev txheeb cais piav qhia yog tsom rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv sau los ntawm tus qauv. Cov txheej txheem tsim cov kev ntsuas ntawm lub hauv paus nyiam thiab dispersion uas sawv cev li cas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov sib txawv yog concentrated thiab dispersed.
• Inferential statistics generalizes cov txheeb cais tau los ntawm ib tug qauv rau cov pej xeem uas tus qauv belongs. Cov kev ntsuas ntawm cov pej xeem raug hu ua parameters.
• Cov kev txheeb cais piav qhia tsuas yog sau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov qauv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais, tab sis hauv inferential txheeb cais, kev ntsuas los ntawm cov qauv yog siv los ntsuas cov khoom ntawm cov pej xeem.
• Hauv kev txheeb cais, cov tsis tau txais los ntawm tus qauv, tab sis tsis yog tag nrho cov pejxeem; yog li ntawd, ib txwm muaj qee qhov tsis paub tseeb piv rau qhov muaj nqis tiag.
