Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ yog FASTA yog cov ntawv nyeem uas tsuas yog khaws cov nucleotide lossis cov protein ntau, thaum FASTQ yog cov ntawv nyeem uas khaws cia ob qho tib si ib ntus thiab cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig zoo.
Bioinformatics yog thaj chaw uas siv cov software sib txawv los tshuaj xyuas thiab nkag siab txog cov ntaub ntawv lom neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov ntaub ntawv txheej txheem nyuaj thiab loj. Daim teb no suav nrog biology, chemistry, physics, computer science, information engineering, lej, thiab txheeb cais los txheeb xyuas thiab txhais cov ntaub ntawv lom neeg. FASTA thiab FASTQ yog ob hom kev sawv cev ua ntu zus hauv thaj chaw bioinformatics los ua kom zoo thiab txheeb xyuas cov kab ke. Qhov tseeb, FASTQ yog cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas uas txuas rau FASTA hom nrog lub peev xwm khaws cov kab ke zoo.
FASTA yog dab tsi?
FASTA yog ib qho software kho kom haum rau DNA thiab protein ntau. FASTA software siv FASTA hom. Nws yog ib hom ntawv nyeem uas sawv cev rau nucleotide sequences los yog amino acid (protein) sequences. Ntawm no, ib tsab ntawv codes sawv cev rau ob qho tib si sib lawv liag. FASTA yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam bioinformatics thiab biochemistry. Hom ntawv no tso cai rau cov npe ua ntu zus thiab cov lus pom ua ntej cov kab ke.
Daim duab 01: FASTA Sequence
hom ntawv no yog los ntawm FASTA software thiab tau qhia los ntawm David J. Lipmann thiab William R. Pearson xyoo 1985. Cov cuab yeej FASTA tau hloov kho ntau lub sijhawm, thiab qhov tseeb version muaj cov kev pab cuam rau cov protein: protein, DNA.:DNA, protein: txhais DNA (nrog frameshifts) thiab txiav txim los yog unordered peptide nrhiav. FASTA nyeem ib qho nucleotide lossis amino acid ib ntus thiab nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas sib txuas los ntawm kev siv cov kab ke hauv zos kom pom qhov sib tw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws.
FASTQ yog dab tsi?
FASTQ yog ib qho kev sib raug zoo software siv nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm bioinformatics, uas khaws ob qho tib si kab mob lom (feem ntau nucleotide sequence) thiab nws cov qhab nia zoo sib xws. FASTQ yog thawj zaug tsim los txhawm rau txhawm rau FASTA cov txheej txheem sib txuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv zoo sib xws los ntawm Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm bioinformatics, FASTQ tau los ua tus txheej txheem de facto rau khaws cia cov zis ntawm ntau high-throughput sequencing instruments.
FASTQ hom siv plaub kab sib txawv ntawm ib ntu. Kab 1 pib nrog @ tus cwj pwm thiab ua raws li tus lej cim (zoo ib yam li FASTA lub npe kab). Kab 2 muaj cov ntawv sau ua ntu zus. Hauv kab 3, qhov sib lawv liag pib nrog '+' tus cwj pwm thiab yog xaiv tau ua raws li tib lub cim kab ke. Kab 4 encodes cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov sib lawv liag hauv kab 2 thiab yuav tsum muaj tib tus lej ntawm cov cim raws li cov ntawv hauv kab ke.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ?
- FASTA thiab FASTQ yog cov cuab yeej sib dhos.
- Lawv yog ob hom kev sawv cev ua ntu zus.
- Ob leeg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm bioinformatics.
- Ob leeg nrawm thiab FASTQ yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev khaws cia thiab ua raws lub hom phiaj.
- FASTQ yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm FASTA hom nrog lub peev xwm khaws cov kab ke zoo.
Qhov txawv ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ yog dab tsi?
FASTA yog hom ntawv nyeem uas khaws cov nucleotide lossis cov protein ntau, thaum FASTQ yog hom ntawv nyeem uas khaws ob qhov sib lawv liag thiab sib txuas cov txiaj ntsig zoo. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ. Tsis tas li ntawd, FASTA khaws cov ntu ntu ntu tom qab tau teeb tsa, thaum FASTQ khaws cov ntu ntu ua ntej daim ntawv qhia. Dhau li, lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ yog FASTA muaj ib kab lus piav qhia, thiab FASTAQ muaj plaub kab.
Cov ntawv qhia hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau kev sib piv ntawm ib sab.
Summary – FASTA vs FASTQ
Bioinformatics siv cov qauv sib txawv xws li FASTA thiab FASTQ, thiab lwm yam. FASTA khaws cov ntu ntu tom qab tau kos npe thaum FASTQ khaws cov ntu ntu ua ntej daim ntawv qhia. FASTA yog ib qho software kho kom haum rau DNA thiab cov protein ntau. Nws muaj cov kev pab cuam rau protein: protein, DNA: DNA, protein: txhais DNA (nrog frameshifts), thiab txiav txim los yog unordered peptide searches. FASTQ yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke software siv nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm bioinformatics thiab khw muag khoom ob qho tib si kab mob lom (feem ntau nucleotide sequence) thiab nws cov qhab nia zoo sib xws. FASTA muaj ib kab lus piav qhia, thiab FASTQ muaj plaub kab. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm FASTA thiab FASTQ.
