Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm amyl cawv thiab isoamyl cawv yog tias amyl cawv yog sib xyaw ntawm yim yam isomers uas muaj C5H12 O chemical formula, hos isoamyl cawv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj isomer ntawm lawv.
Feem ntau, lo lus amyl cawv yog siv los hais txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov isomers sib txawv ntawm C5H12O. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum peb siv lo lus no los xa mus rau pentan-1-ol tshwj xeeb ua ib lo lus.
Amyl cawv yog dab tsi?
Amyl cawv yog ib yam ntawm yim cawv uas muaj cov tshuaj formula C5H12O. Peb tuaj yeem tau txais kev sib xyaw ntawm amyl cawv los ntawm fusel cawv. Qhov kev sib xyaw no kuj tseem hu ua amyl cawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ib qho hnyav rau cov txheej txheem esterification. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau amyl acetate thiab lwm yam khoom tseem ceeb thiab. Tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, peb siv 1-pentanol li amyl cawv raws li ib lo lus.
Daim duab 01: 1-Pentanol Chemical Structure
Cov npe ntawm cov qauv isomers uas muaj rau cov tshuaj formula C5H12O muaj xws li 1-pentanol, 2-methylbutan-1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, 2, 2-dimethylpropan-1-ol, pentan -2-ol, 3-methylbutan-2-ol, pentan-3-ol, thiab 2-methylbutan-2-ol. Ntawm cov tshuaj no, peb cov cawv yog optically active (2-methyl-1-butanol, 2-pentanol, thiab 3-methyl-2-ol).
Isoamyl cawv yog dab tsi?
Isoamyl cawv yog amyl cawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, muaj cov tshuaj formula C5H12O. Nws tshwm sim raws li cov kua tsis muaj xim thiab yog ib qho ntawm ob peb isomers ntawm amyl cawv. Peb tuaj yeem muab lub npe no ua isopentyl cawv, isopentanol, lossis 3-methyl-butan-1-ol.
Cov tshuaj ua kua no muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tsis zoo nyob hauv qhov siab. Nws muaj qhov ntom ntom ntawm 0.81 g / cm3Nws cov ntsiab lus yaj yog -117 degrees Celsius, qhov kub ntawm qhov kub yog 131.1 degrees Celsius. Nws yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej thiab soluble heev hauv acetone, diethyl ether, thiab ethanol. Peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov khoom no ua ib feem ntawm cov aroma ntawm Tuber melanosporum dub truffle. Ntxiv mus, nws tau raug txheeb xyuas tias yog pheromone (tshuaj lom) siv los ntawm hornets (kom nyiam lwm tus tswv cuab ntawm lub Hive los tua).
Daim duab 02: Cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg ntawm Isoamyl Alcohol
Peb tuaj yeem rho tawm isoamyl cawv los ntawm cov roj fusel los ntawm ob txoj kev: co nrog cov hlua brine tov thiab cais cov roj los ntawm cov brine txheej los yog los ntawm distilling nws thiab sau cov feem uas yog boiling ntawm 125 thiab 140 degrees Celsius. Yog tias peb xav tau kev ua kom huv ntxiv, peb tuaj yeem ua nws los ntawm kev co cov khoom nrog cov dej kub kub, tom qab ntawd sib cais cov roj txheej thiab ziab cov khoom nrog calcium chloride, tom qab ntawd distilling cov sib tov kom sau cov feem boiling ntawm 128 thiab 132 degrees Celsius.
Feem ntau, cov kua no yog cov nplaim taws thiab muaj kuab lom, yog li muaj kev phom sij. Nws lub teeb nyem yog nyob ntawm 43 degrees Celsius, thiab nws pib-ignition kub yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 350 degrees Celsius.
Thaum xav txog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj no, peb tuaj yeem ua ke nws ntau dua li rho tawm los ntawm cov roj fusel. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm condensation ntawm isobutene thiab formaldehyde, uas muab isoprenol, thiab tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem ua hydrogenation. Qhov no muab cov kua xim tsis muaj xim nrog qhov ntom ntom ntawm 0.824 g / cm3,3uas boils ntawm 131.6 degrees Celsius thiab yooj yim yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic.
Muaj qee qhov kev siv tseem ceeb ntawm isoamyl cawv, suav nrog kev sib txuas ntawm txiv tsawb roj, ua cov khoom xyaw ntawm Kovac's reagent (qhov no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kuaj kab mob hauv indole). Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv nws ua tus neeg saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm hauv chloroform isoamyl cawv reagent. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj no tseem ceeb hauv phenol-chloroform extraction, uas yog tov nrog chloroform rau ntxiv inhibition ntawm RNase kev ua.
Qhov txawv ntawm Amyl cawv thiab Isoamyl cawv yog dab tsi?
Amyl cawv thiab isoamyl cawv yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv qee cov txheej txheem organic synthesis. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm amyl cawv thiab isoamyl cawv yog tias amyl cawv yog sib xyaw ntawm yim isomers ntawm C5H12O tshuaj formula, whereas isoamyl cawv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws isomer ntawm lawv.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm amyl cawv thiab isoamyl cawv.
Summary – Amyl Alcohol vs Isoamyl Alcohol
Amyl cawv yog ib lub npe sib sau ua ke uas sawv cev rau yim yam tshuaj sib txuas. Isoamyl cawv yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv no. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm amyl cawv thiab isoamyl cawv yog tias amyl cawv yog sib xyaw ntawm yim isomers ntawm C5H12O tshuaj formula, whereas isoamyl cawv yog isomer tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv.
