Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ABC thiab SLC cov neeg thauj khoom yog tias cov thauj ABC yog cov khoom thauj cov protein pab hauv kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla cov kab mob lom los ntawm cov txheej txheem thauj khoom tseem ceeb, thaum SLC cov neeg thauj khoom yog cov khoom thauj cov protein pab hauv kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla ib qho. Cov kab mob lom neeg los ntawm kev thauj mus los theem nrab thiab kev yooj yim diffusion mechanisms.
Kev thauj mus los lossis cov membrane thauj / cov khoom thauj cov protein yog cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb ntawm daim nyias nyias uas cuam tshuam nrog kev txav ntawm ions, peptides, me me molecules, lipids, thiab macromolecules thoob plaws hauv daim nyias nyias. Cov neeg thauj khoom no siv ob qho tib si nquag thiab passive thauj mechanisms. Passive thauj mechanisms yog diffusion thiab yooj yim thauj. Active thauj mechanisms yog thawj active thauj thiab thib ob active thauj. Lawv tau muab faib ua peb chav kawm: ABC transporters, P-type ATPases, thiab SLC transporters.
ABC Transporters yog dab tsi?
ABC transporters (ATP binding cassette transporter) yog cov cab cab cov proteins uas pab txhawb kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla ib daim nyias nyias los ntawm cov txheej txheem thauj khoom tseem ceeb. Lawv thauj ntau yam khoom, feem ntau mus rau sab nraud ntawm lub cell membrane los yog organelle. Cov khoom uas lawv thauj muaj xws li lipids thiab sterols, ions, me me molecules, tshuaj, thiab loj polypeptides. Ntxiv mus, ABC transporters, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv prokaryotes, kuj yuav uptake tej yam khoom xws li ntau yam as-ham, biosynthetic precursors, kab hlau, thiab vitamins. ABC transporters ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Qhov no yog vim qhov overexpression ntawm ABC transporters tuaj yeem ua rau kev tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj chemotherapeutic sab nraud ntawm tes sai dua li lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cell. Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Daim duab 01: ABC Transporters
Lawv yog ib qho kev thauj mus los superfamily. ABC transporters yog encoded los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov tsev neeg loj tshaj plaws thiab qub tshaj plaws. ABC transporters muaj ntau lub subunits. Ib lossis ob ntawm cov no yog cov proteins transmembrane, thiab ib lossis ob yog membrane-associated AAA ATPases. ATPase subunit siv lub zog ntawm ATP los hloov cov tshuaj hla cov membrane. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau pua tus neeg thauj ABC tau raug tus cwj pwm los ntawm ob qho tib si prokaryotes thiab eukaryotes.
SLC Transporters yog dab tsi?
SLC (cov tsev neeg muaj kuab paug) cov neeg thauj khoom yog cov khoom thauj cov protein uas pab hauv kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla ib daim nyias nyias los ntawm kev thauj mus los theem nrab thiab cov txheej txheem yooj yim diffusion. Lawv feem ntau nyob rau ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm tes thiab nyob rau ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm cov organelles. SLC transporters yog membrane thauj cov proteins uas suav nrog ntau dua 400 tus tswv cuab, uas tau teeb tsa rau hauv 66 tsev neeg.
Daim duab 02: SLC Transporters
Ntxiv mus, cov kuab tshuaj uas thauj los ntawm cov proteins no suav nrog ob qho tib si them thiab cov organic molecules, inorganic ions, thiab roj ammonia. Tsis tas li ntawd, ASLC susceptibility loci tau cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob metabolic thiab lwm yam kab mob, suav nrog insulin tsis kam, hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, ntshav siab, kab mob raum ntev, gout, mob hawb pob, mob plab hnyuv, mob cancer, dementia, qaug dab peg, Parkinson's disease, thiab kev ntxhov siab vim. Piv txwv ntawm cov neeg nqa khoom nruab nrab yog biogenic amine transporters (NET, DAT, thiab SERT) thiab Na+/H+ exchanger.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ABC thiab SLC Transporters?
- ABC thiab SLC cov neeg thauj khoom yog ob hom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom thauj cov protein pab hauv kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla ib daim nyias nyias.
- Lawv yog cov proteins membrane.
- Ob leeg yog kev thauj mus los superfamilies.
- Lawv tuaj yeem thauj cov khoom los ntawm kev thauj mus los.
- Thaum tsis ua haujlwm, ob qho tib si thauj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob.
Qhov txawv ntawm ABC thiab SLC Transporters yog dab tsi?
ABC thauj khoom yog cov khoom thauj cov protein uas pab hauv kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla cov kab mob lom neeg los ntawm cov txheej txheem thauj khoom tseem ceeb, thaum SLC cov neeg thauj khoom yog cov thauj cov protein uas pab txhawb kev txav ntawm cov khoom hla cov kab mob lom los ntawm kev thauj mus los theem nrab thiab yooj yim diffusion mechanisms. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ABC thiab SLC thauj khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, ABC cov neeg thauj khoom muaj nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev neeg loj uas muaj 49 tus tswvcuab tau koom ua 7 tsev neeg, thaum SLC cov neeg thauj mus los yog cov tsev neeg loj uas muaj 400 tus tswvcuab koom ua 66 tsev neeg.
Cov hauv qab no infographic nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ABC thiab SLC thauj khoom hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – ABC vs SLC Transporters
ABC thiab SLC thauj khoom yog ob yam sib txawv ntawm cov khoom thauj protein. Lawv yog cov membrane proteins pab nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug biological membrane. Ob leeg yog cov protein superfamilies. ABC transporters pab nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug biological membrane los ntawm ib tug thawj active thauj mechanism, thaum SLC transporters pab nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv ib tug bio membrane los ntawm theem nrab active thauj thiab yooj yim diffusion mechanisms. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov txawv ntawm ABC thiab SLC transporters.
