Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw isomerism thiab txoj hauj lwm isomerism yog cov saw isomerism piav qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov saw hlau sib txawv hauv ob lub tebchaw nrog tib cov tshuaj formula, qhov chaw isomerism yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pa roj carbon zoo sib xws thiab pab pawg ua haujlwm, tab sis cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tau txuas nrog cov saw hlau tseem ceeb hauv ntau txoj haujlwm.
Isomerism piav qhia txog cov khoom ntawm qee cov molecules uas ntau tshaj ib lub tebchaw muaj tib cov tshuaj formula tab sis txawv cov qauv tshuaj.
Dab tsi yog Chain Isomerism?
Chain isomerism yog qhov sib txawv hauv kev npaj cov saw hlau nrog cov molecule. Peb tuaj yeem piav qhia nws los ntawm kev sib piv ob lub tebchaw nrog tib lub qauv molecular uas muaj cov saw hlau sib txawv. Hauv lwm lo lus, cov pa roj carbon atoms hauv cov saw tseem ceeb ntawm cov isomers tau koom ua ke nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev sib txawv.
Daim duab 01: Txawv Alkane Structures
Nyob hauv hom isomerism no, cov saw hlau tuaj yeem ncaj lossis ceg. Ib qho piv txwv yooj yim ntawm hom isomer yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj cov tshuaj formula C5H12. Nws muaj peb txoj saw loj isomers: n-pentane, 2-methylbutane thiab 2, 2-dimethylpropane.
Txoj Haujlwm Isomerism yog dab tsi?
Txoj hauj lwm isomerism yog qhov muaj cov pob txha zoo sib xws thiab cov pab pawg ua haujlwm hauv ob lossis ntau cov organic tebchaw thaum qhov chaw ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm txawv ntawm ib leeg. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms, cov mis mos molecular, cov qauv ntawm cov pob txha, thiab cov lej ntawm cov pab pawg ua haujlwm zoo ib yam rau cov isomers hauv txoj hauj lwm isomerism. Hom isomerism no tsis muaj nyob hauv cov tebchaw uas muaj cov pab pawg kawg xws li carboxylic acids thiab aldehydes vim tias cov pab pawg no tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov saw hlau.
Daim duab 02: Ethanol thiab Dimethylether
Cia peb xav txog ib qho piv txwv kom nkag siab txog hom isomerism no. Cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw rau cov tshuaj formula C5H12O tuaj yeem sau tau peb txoj hauv kev nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm pawg -OH. Ntawm no, pawg -OH tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm lub molecule, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub molecule, los yog nyob rau hauv 2nd carbon atom ntawm ib lub davhlau ya nyob twg.
Txoj haujlwm isomerism tuaj yeem pom hauv alkene thiab alkynes ib yam. Ntawm no, txoj hauj lwm ntawm ob daim ntawv cog lus los yog triple daim ntawv cog lus sib txawv ntawm ib qho molecule mus rau lwm qhov. Tab sis nyob rau hauv carboxylic acids, amides, thiab aldehydes, txoj hauj lwm isomerism tsis tuaj vim tias cov pab pawg ua haujlwm no tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv cov terminals ntawm cov molecule.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Chain Isomerism thiab Txoj Haujlwm Isomerism?
Isomerism piav qhia txog cov cuab yeej ntawm qee cov molecules uas ntau tshaj ib lub tebchaw muaj cov qauv tshuaj tib yam tab sis cov qauv tshuaj sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw isomerism thiab txoj hauj lwm isomerism yog cov saw isomerism piav qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide nyob rau hauv ob lub tebchaw nrog tib cov tshuaj formula, whereas txoj hauj lwm isomerism yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pa roj carbon zoo sib xws thiab cov pab pawg ua haujlwm, tab sis cov pab pawg ua haujlwm yog txuas mus rau lub ntsiab carbon saw nyob rau hauv ntau txoj hauj lwm.
Cov lus hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov saw isomerism thiab txoj hauj lwm isomerism.
Summary – Chain Isomerism vs Position Isomerism
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw isomerism thiab txoj hauj lwm isomerism yog cov saw isomerism piav qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov saw hlau tseem ceeb hauv ob lub tebchaw nrog tib cov tshuaj formula whereas txoj hauj lwm isomerism yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pa roj carbon zoo sib xws thiab pawg ua haujlwm tab sis cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tau txuas rau cov saw hlau tseem ceeb hauv ntau txoj haujlwm.
