Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ORF thiab exon yog qhov ORF lossis qhib kev nyeem ntawv yog qhov nthuav ntawm DNA ib ntus uas pib nrog qhov pib txhais lus (pib codon) thiab xaus nrog qhov chaw txhais lus xaus (stop codon) thaum exon yog ib tug nucleotide ib theem zuj zus nyob rau hauv ib tug noob uas encodes rau cov amino acids.
Ib qho qhib kev nyeem ntawv yog ib feem ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Kev nyeem ntawv yog nyeem los ntawm ribosomes thiaj li ua kom cov protein. ORF yog qhov txuas txuas ntxiv ntawm codons uas muab cov protein ua haujlwm tau zoo. Nws pib nrog pib codon thiab xaus nrog nres codon. Hauv ORF, tsis muaj qhov nres codon cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem coding. Kev txhais lus pib ntawm pib codon thiab xaus ntawm nres codon. Exon yog ib qho nucleotide sib lawv liag ntawm cov noob. Nws encodes rau cov amino acids ntawm cov protein. Yog li ntawd, exons yog coding cheeb tsam ntawm ib tug noob.
ORF yog dab tsi?
Qhib nyeem ntawv lossis ORF yog qhov txuas txuas ntxiv ntawm nucleotide ib ntus uas pib nrog pib codon thiab xaus nrog nres codon. Hauv cov lus yooj yim, ORF hais txog thaj tsam ntawm nucleotide ib ntus nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov pib thiab nres codons. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, tsis muaj nres codon cuam tshuam ORF. Lub nucleotide ib ntus ntawm pib thiab nres codon encodes rau cov amino acids. Feem ntau, pib codon yog ATG thaum nres codons yog TAG, TAA, thiab TGA. ORF muab cov protein ua haujlwm zoo thaum sau thiab txhais. Yog li ntawd, ORF suav nrog pib codon, ob peb codons hauv nruab nrab thaj tsam thiab nres codon. Interestingly, ORF muaj qhov ntev uas yuav muab faib los ntawm peb.
Daim duab 01: ORF
Nyob rau hauv prokaryotes, txij li tsis muaj introns, ORF yog thaj tsam coding ntawm ib cov noob uas sau ncaj qha rau hauv mRNA. Hauv eukaryotes, txij li muaj cov introns, ORF yog cov txheej txheem codon uas tshwm sim tom qab ua tiav lossis RNA splicing. ORF yog ib daim ntawv pov thawj uas pab kev kwv yees cov noob txij li ntev ORFs zoo li yuav yog ib feem ntawm cov noob.
Exon yog dab tsi?
Exons yog coding nucleotide sequences ntawm cov noob uas txhais ua cov proteins. Lawv nyob ntawm ob sab ntawm ib qho intro. Tom qab tshem tawm cov tsis-coding sequences los ntawm pre mRNA, cov mRNA mRNA molecule mature tsuas yog suav nrog exon sequences. Tom qab ntawd cov nucleotide ib ntus ntawm RNA molecule kawg (mature mRNA) hloov mus rau hauv cov amino acid ib ntus ntawm cov protein tshwj xeeb.
Daim duab 02: Exons
Yuav luag txhua cov noob muaj qhov pib nucleotide ib ntus uas txawv nws li cov noob los ntawm lub ntsiab DNA lossis RNA strand, uas yog hu ua Open Reading Frame (ORF. Hauv qee cov noob, ob lub ORFs cim tag nrho cov noob thiab exons. Txawm hais tias nws suab hais tias exons yeej ib txwm hais nyob rau hauv cov noob, muaj qhov xwm txheej uas intron sequences cuam tshuam nrog exon los ua kev hloov pauv, thiab cov txheej txheem no hu ua exonization.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ORF thiab Exon?
- ORF thiab exon yog nucleotide sequences.
- Long ORF thiab exons yog ib feem ntawm cov noob.
- Ob leeg muaj coding sequences.
Qhov txawv ntawm ORF thiab Exon yog dab tsi?
ORF thiab exon yog nucleotide sequences. ORF yog hais txog txhua qhov kev nthuav dav ntawm DNA nyob ntawm qhov pib codon thiab nres codon. Hauv qhov sib piv, exon yog coding nucleotide ib ntu ntawm cov noob uas encodes rau cov amino acids. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ORF thiab exon. Exons yog ib feem ntawm cov noob thaum ntev ORF yuav yog ib feem ntawm cov noob. Ntxiv mus, muaj introns nyob rau hauv ob sab ntawm ib qho exon thaum ORF tsis suav nrog introns.
Hauv qab infographic qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ORF thiab exon hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – ORF vs Exon
Qhov qhib nyeem ntawv (ORF) yog ib feem ntawm kev nyeem ntawv. Nws yog qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm DNA ib ntus uas pib nrog pib codon thiab xaus nrog nres codon. Exon yog ib qho nucleotide sib lawv liag ntawm cov noob. Nws encodes rau ib feem ntawm mRNA sequence. Yog li ntawd, exons yog ib feem ntawm cov gene sequence uas qhia nyob rau hauv cov protein. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ORF thiab exon.
