Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab pseudoscience yog kev tshawb fawb yog raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab cov pov thawj tseeb, qhov pseudoscience tsis yog.
Hauv kev tshawb fawb, cov kws tshawb fawb siv kev soj ntsuam kom zoo thiab kev sim ua kom tsis lees paub lossis lees paub qhov kev xav txog qee yam tshwm sim. Lawv tshawb nrhiav pov thawj rau thiab tawm tsam theories thiab kev cai lij choj thiab kawm lawv ze. Yog tias qhov kev xav tsis tuaj yeem ua pov thawj, ces nws raug muab pov tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv pseudoscience, tus tsim ntawm qhov kev xav tsuas yog nrhiav pov thawj los txhawb nws qhov kev xav; nws tsis ua qhov kev sim tshawb fawb thiab tsis quav ntsej lossis zais cov pov thawj tsis sib haum.
Dab tsi yog Science?
Science yog lub tshuab uas tshwm sim los piav qhia qhov tseeb. Qee lub ntsiab lus hais tias nws yog ib txheej txheej txheem siv los piav qhia qhov tseeb thiab tshwm sim. Cov lus piav qhia txog kev tshawb fawb yog raws li cov pov thawj; Cov kev xav, kev xav, cov cuab yeej thiab cov txheej txheem, cov txiaj ntsig lossis cov cim qhia, thiab kev sib tham zoo muab cov lus piav qhia ruaj khov rau qhov tshwm sim.
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb yog tias nws yog qhov nruj thiab ceev faj, thiab cov khoom no ua rau muaj kev lees paub tseeb los ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov peev txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseeb, thiab qhov tseeb yog ib txwm tshawb xyuas los ntawm cov txheej txheem siv tau. Kev tshawb fawb tsis siv cov txheej txheem irrational los xaus lus; nws ib txwm siv cov txheej txheem rational thiab unbiased. Ib tus kws tshawb fawb ib txwm ua raws li txoj kev tshawb fawb los piav qhia qee qhov tshwm sim lossis txheej txheej txheej txheem.
Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev tshawb fawb yog tias feem ntau ntawm cov kev tshawb pom tshiab muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tshawb pom yav dhau los. Qee qhov ntawm cov no yog txuas ntxiv thaum muaj qee qhov kev piav qhia uas ua tsis raug rau cov qub. Charles Darwin qhov kev piav qhia ntawm evolution yog ib txoj kev tshawb fawb uas hloov lub ntiaj teb no. Qhov kev piav qhia ntawm DNA qauv los ntawm Watson thiab Crick yog lwm qhov kev tshawb pom uas tau piav qhia ntau yam tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob.
Pseudoscience yog dab tsi?
Pseudoscience yog ib phau ntawm kev ntseeg lossis kev coj ua uas lees tias yog kev tshawb fawb thiab qhov tseeb tab sis tsis sib haum nrog txoj kev tshawb fawb. Phau ntawv txhais lus Askiv Oxford txhais tias nws yog "kev ua txuj ci cuav lossis kev tshawb fawb; ib qho kev sib sau ntawm cov kev ntseeg cuam tshuam txog lub ntiaj teb ua yuam kev suav tias yog raws li txoj kev tshawb fawb los yog muaj xwm txheej uas qhov tseeb kev tshawb fawb tam sim no muaj ". Pseudoscience tsuas yog ib qho kev dag los yog ib tug masquerade ntawm tiag tiag science. Nws tsis koom nrog cov pov thawj scientific los piav txog qhov tshwm sim. Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias; Tej zaum yuav muaj kev ntseeg tsis txaus ntseeg lossis tsis muaj pov thawj siv los piav qhia txog txheej txheem lossis txheej txheem txheej txheem.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Qhia Pseudoscience?
Nws feem ntau nyuaj rau kev nkag siab qhov txawv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab pseudoscience. Tab sis muaj qee qhov ntsuas uas yuav pab tau tib neeg kom nkag siab qee yam li pseudoscience.
- Siv cov lus tsis meej thiab hais tawm - siv cov lus thov tshawb fawb uas tsis meej, piav qhia me ntsis, qhia tias tsis nkag siab txog cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev tshawb fawb
- Relying overly on confirmation es than refutation - vam ntau dhau ntawm tus kheej kev paub thiab cov lus pov thawj, tsis quav ntsej txog qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau tias ib yam dab tsi tuaj yeem pom tias tsis tseeb los ntawm kev soj ntsuam lossis kev sim lub cev, hais tias cov lus thov uas yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj pov thawj cuav yog li ntawd yuav tsum muaj tseeb.
- Tsis kam lees kuaj los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv thaj chaw - evading cov phooj ywg tshuaj xyuas, thov kom xav tau kev zais zais lossis kev paub txog tus tswv
- Tsis Muaj Kev Txhim Kho - cov lus thov tseem zoo li qub, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi tshiab tau kawm raws li lub sijhawm mus
Qhov txawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Pseudoscience yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab pseudoscience yog kev tshawb fawb raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab cov pov thawj tseeb, qhov pseudoscience tsis yog. Hauv kev tshawb fawb, cov kws tshawb fawb siv kev soj ntsuam kom zoo thiab sim ua kom tsis lees paub lossis lees paub qhov kev xav. Lawv kuj tshawb nrhiav pov thawj tawm tsam kev xav thiab kev cai lij choj thiab kawm lawv ze. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv pseudoscience, tus tsim ntawm qhov kev xav tsuas yog nrhiav pov thawj los txhawb nws qhov kev xav; nws tsis ua qhov kev sim tshawb fawb thiab tsis quav ntsej lossis zais cov pov thawj tsis sib haum.
Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tshawb fawb pseudoscience yog qhov kev tshawb fawb siv cov lus sib cav raws li kev xav lossis kev xav ua lej thaum pseudoscience feem ntau sim rov hais dua rau kev xav, kev ntseeg, thiab kev tsis ntseeg ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb tsis lees txais cov kev paub ntawm tus kheej lossis cov lus pov thawj los ua pov thawj thaum pseudoscience yuav lees txais cov kev paub ntawm tus kheej lossis cov lus pov thawj ua pov thawj.
Summary – Science vs Pseudoscience
Pseudoscience yog ib phau ntawm kev ntseeg lossis kev coj ua uas lees tias yog kev tshawb fawb thiab qhov tseeb tab sis tsis sib haum nrog txoj kev tshawb fawb. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab pseudoscience yog qhov kev tshawb fawb yog raws li kev tshawb fawb thiab cov pov thawj tseeb, qhov pseudoscience tsis yog.
