Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm protic acid thiab Lewis acid yog cov protic acids yog proton pub, whereas Lewis acids yog proton txais.
Protic acids yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem tsim cov proton lossis hydronium ion hauv lawv cov tshuaj los ntawm kev tso cov proton. Lewis acid yog ib qho tshuaj sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem txais ib khub electron los ntawm ib hom tshuaj electron pub dawb.
YProtic Acid yog dab tsi?
Protic acids yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem tsim cov proton lossis hydronium ion los ntawm kev tso cov proton. Qhov kev tso tawm proton no tshwm sim vim tias cov kua qaub no tuaj yeem txais ib khub ntawm electrons los ntawm OH- ion hauv dej los ntawm kev ua raws li Lewis acid, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim hydronium ion lossis proton ntawm nws tus kheej.
Daim duab 01: Kev Ua ntawm Protic Acids
Muaj peb hom protic acids uas yog monoprotic acids, polyprotic acids, thiab diprotic acids. Monoprotic acids tuaj yeem tso tawm ib qho proton rau kev daws, thaum diprotic acids tuaj yeem tso ob protons. Ntawm qhov tod tes, polyprotic acids tuaj yeem tso ntau tshaj ob lub protons. Hauv polyprotic acids, cov protons raug tso tawm hauv ob peb kauj ruam. Txawm li cas los xij, thawj proton poob los ntawm cov kua qaub yooj yim dua li cov proton tom ntej.
Lewis Acid yog dab tsi?
A Lewis acid yog cov tshuaj lom neeg uas tuaj yeem txais ib khub hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pub dawb. Hom acidic compound no muaj qhov khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob khoob. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, Lewis puag yog ib hom tshuaj muaj ib tug puv orbital uas muaj ib tug electron khub. Cov khub electron no tsis koom nrog kev sib koom ua ke, tab sis nws tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv cog lus nrog Lewis acids los ua Lewis adduct.
Daim duab 02: Tsim kom muaj Lewis Adduct
Feem ntau, lo lus Lewis acid tsuas yog siv nrog trigonal planar chemical compounds uas muaj qhov khoob p orbital. Nyob ntawd, peb tuaj yeem kho cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke xws li Et3Al2Cl3 li trigonal planar compounds uas tuaj yeem hu ua Lewis acids. Sib nrug los ntawm kev tsim ntawm Lewis adducts, lwm yam kev cuam tshuam nrog Lewis acids hu ua acid-catalyzed tshua. Qee zaum, peb tuaj hla cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li H2O muaj ob qho tib si Lewis acid thiab Lewis puag. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov tebchaw no tuaj yeem pub dawb lossis txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, nyob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas lawv koom nrog.
Muaj ntau yam Lewis acids. Qhov yooj yim Lewis acids yuav hnov mob yooj yim thiab ncaj qha nrog Lewis hauv paus. Feem ntau cov Lewis acids feem ntau yuav dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua ntej tsim cov adduct. Qee qhov piv txwv rau Lewis acids muaj xws li onium ions xws li ammonium ion thiab hydronium ion, hlau cations xws li ferric ion, trigonal planar hom xws li BF3, electron-poor pi systems xws li enones, thiab lwm yam. Peb hom loj ntawm Lewis acids muaj xws li yooj yim. Lewis acids, complex Lewis acids thiab H + Lewis acid. Daim ntawv thov feem ntau ntawm Lewis acids yog Friedel-Crafts alkylation.
Qhov txawv ntawm Protic Acid thiab Lewis Acid yog dab tsi?
Peb tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm protic acids los ntawm Lewis acids los ntawm kev ua ntawm proton tso tawm los ntawm cov kua qaub. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm protic acid thiab Lewis acid yog protic acids yog proton pub, whereas Lewis acids yog proton txais.
Cov infographic hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm protic acid thiab Lewis acid hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Protic Acid vs Lewis Acid
Nyob rau hauv xaus, protic acids txawv ntawm Lewis acids nyob ntawm seb muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tebchaw tso tawm protons rau cov tshuaj. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm protic acid thiab Lewis acid yog protic acids yog proton pub, whereas Lewis acids yog proton txais.
