Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm caspase thiab procaspase yog tias caspase yog ib qho active protease enzyme uas yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv apoptosis lossis programmed cell tuag, thaum procaspase yog ib qho tsis muaj zog protease enzyme uas yog ib qho tsis muaj zog ntawm caspase.
Proteases yog cov enzymes uas ua rau kev tawg ntawm peptide bonds hauv cov protein. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hu ua proteolysis. Proteases catalyze hloov pauv cov proteins loj rau hauv cov peptides me thiab ib qho amino acids. Muaj ntau hom proteases, xws li acid, nruab nrab, thiab alkaline proteases. Cov proteases no tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, thiab kab mob. Lawv kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab mob. Proteases tau hloov zuj zus ntawm nws tus kheej ntau zaus hauv txoj hauv kev uas cov chav kawm sib txawv ntawm cov proteases tuaj yeem ua tib yam tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem catalytic sib txawv. Caspase thiab procaspase yog ob hom proteases. Caspases yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv apoptosis, thaum procaspases yog qhov tsis muaj zog ua ntej ntawm caspases hauv hlwb.
Caspase yog dab tsi?
Caspase yog ib qho active protease enzyme uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes tuag. Nws yog lub npe hu ua caspase vim tias nws cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb cysteine protease. Ib qho cysteine nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nquag ntawm cov enzyme nucleophilically tawm tsam thiab cleaves lub hom phiaj protein tsuas yog tom qab ib qho aspartic acid residue. Muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 12 qhov pom tseeb caspases hauv tib neeg uas ua ntau yam haujlwm ntawm tes. Muaj ntau hom caspases ua tus pib, executioner, inflammatory, thiab lwm yam.
Daim duab 01: Caspase
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov enzyme no hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes tuag tau pom thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1993. Kev ua kom cov caspase ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv ntawm tes tau degraded raws li kev tswj hwm. Caspase catalyzes cell tuag nrog tsawg heev cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub so ntswg ib puag ncig. Cov enzyme no kuj muaj lub luag haujlwm xws li pyroptosis thiab necroptosis hauv cov txheej txheem cell tuag. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev tuag ntawm tes yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm cellular stress signals thiab pathogenic tawm tsam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov enzyme no muaj qee qhov kev txheeb xyuas lub luag haujlwm xws li kev loj hlob ntawm tes, qog nqaij hlav, kev sib txawv ntawm tes, thiab axon kev taw qhia thiab kev laus. Txawm li cas los xij, overactivation ntawm qee qhov caspases, xws li caspase-3 tuaj yeem ua rau cov cell tuag ntau dhau. Tus mob no tau pom nyob rau hauv ntau yam kab mob neurodegenerative zoo li Alzheimer's disease.
Procaspase yog dab tsi?
Procaspase yog ib qho tsis muaj zog protease enzyme. Procaspase yog ib qho zymogen uas tsis muaj zog uas tsuas yog qhib tau tom qab qhov tsim nyog stimulus. Kev tswj hwm qib tom qab kev txhais lus tso cai nrawm thiab nruj ntawm cov enzyme no. Cov txheej txheem ua kom muaj qhov dimerization lossis feem ntau oligomerization ntawm procaspases. Ua raws li cov txheej txheem dimerization, lub procaspase yog cleaved rau hauv ib tug me me subunit thiab ib tug loj subunit. Cov subunits loj thiab me sib koom ua ke los tsim ib qho kev ua haujlwm heterodimer caspase.
Daim duab 02: Procaspase
Lub active enzyme feem ntau tshwm sim raws li ib tug heterotetramer nyob rau hauv lub lom ib puag ncig uas ib tug procaspase dimer yog cleaved ua ke los ua ib tug heterotetramer. Ntxiv mus, cov kauj ruam dimerization pab txhawb kev ua kom cov neeg pib procaspase thiab inflammatory procaspase. Dimerization yog yooj yim los ntawm kev khi rau adapter proteins ntawm protein-protein kev sib cuam tshuam motifs uas nyob rau hauv cov procaspases. Cov motifs no hu ua tuag folds. Lub cleavage ntawm tus pib procaspase yuav siv qhov chaw autoproteolytically, whereas pib procaspase cleaves executioner procaspase.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm Caspase thiab Procaspase?
- Caspase thiab procaspase yog ob hom proteases.
- Ob leeg yog cov proteins ua los ntawm cov amino acids.
- Lawv muaj qhov sib xws hauv cov qauv.
- Lawv pom nyob rau hauv tib neeg thiab lwm yam tsiaj xws li nas.
- Ob leeg tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes.
Qhov txawv ntawm Caspase thiab Procaspase yog dab tsi?
Caspase yog ib qho active protease enzyme tseem ceeb rau programmed cell tuag, thaum procaspase yog inactive precursor ntawm caspase. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm caspase thiab procaspase. Ntxiv mus, caspase yog qhov sib piv me me molecule, thaum procaspase yog ib qho piv txwv loj dua molecule.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm caspase thiab procaspase nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Caspase vs Procaspase
Proteases yog cov enzymes uas rhuav tshem peptide bonds ntawm cov proteins. Caspase thiab procaspase yog ob hom proteases. Caspase yog ib qho active protease enzyme, thaum procaspase yog ib qho tsis muaj zog protease enzyme. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm caspase thiab procaspase.
