Qhov txawv ntawm ATP thiab GTP yog ATP yog nucleoside triphosphate ua los ntawm adenine nitrogenous puag, qab zib ribose, thiab triphosphate, thaum GTP yog nucleoside triphosphate ua los ntawm guanine nitrogenous puag, qab zib ribose, thiab triphosphate..
A nucleoside triphosphate yog ib qho molecule uas muaj nitrogenous puag, 5-carbon qab zib (ribose los yog deoxyribose) thiab peb pawg phosphate. Lub hauv paus nitrogenous yog khi rau 5-carbon qab zib. Peb pawg phosphate raug khi rau cov suab thaj thiab. Nucleoside triphosphate yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm nucleotide. Lawv yog cov molecular precursors ntawm DNA thiab RNA. Cov nucleoside triphosphates no kuj ua lub zog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tau koom nrog hauv cov kev taw qhia. Yog li ntawd, ATP thiab GTP yog ob hom nucleoside triphosphates uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes.
ATP yog dab tsi?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) yog nucleoside triphosphate uas muaj adenine nitrogenous puag, qab zib ribose thiab triphosphate. ATP yog thawj lub zog txiaj txiaj ntawm cov kab mob lom. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau yam metabolic txoj kev nyob rau hauv lub cell raws li ib tug kawg khoom. Nws yog feem ntau tsim thaum lub sij hawm cellular respiration thiab photosynthesis. Ib qho enzyme tshwj xeeb hu ua ATP synthase catalyzes synthesis ntawm ATP hauv cell. Feem ntau, ATP synthase nqa tawm cov synthesis ntawm ATP los ntawm ADP (adenosine diphosphate) thiab phosphate nrog electrochemical gradient generated los ntawm kev siv cov protons. Lub twj tso kua mis ntawm protons yog los ntawm ob sab hauv mitochondrial membrane (hauv cellular respiration) los yog thylakoid membrane (hauv photosynthesis). Qhov no electrochemical gradient yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev vim hais tias ATP ntau lawm yog energetically unfavorable.
Daim duab 01: ATP
Thaum ATP tau noj hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic, nws hloov mus rau ADP dua lossis rau AMP (adenosine monophosphate). Tsis tas li ntawd, ATP hydrolysis rau ADP thiab Pi yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Lub hydrolysis tsim 30.5 k / J tus nqi zog. Nyob rau hauv lub cell, ATP hydrolysis feem ntau ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo txhawm rau muab lub zog rau cov kev cuam tshuam mus ntxiv.
GTP yog dab tsi?
GTP (guanosine triphosphate) yog nucleoside triphosphate uas suav nrog guanine nitrogenous puag, qab zib ribose thiab triphosphate. GTP qee zaus siv rau kev sib txuas hluav taws xob zoo ib yam li ATP. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev xa cov teeb liab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog G proteins. G proteins feem ntau ua ke nrog cov cell membrane-bound receptor. Tag nrho cov complex no yog hu ua G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). G proteins tuaj yeem khi rau GDP (guanosine diphosphate) lossis GTP. Thaum G proteins khi rau GDP, lawv tsis ua haujlwm.
Figure 02: GTP
Thaum ib lub ligand khi rau GPCR complex, ib qho kev hloov pauv hauv G protein tshwm sim. Qhov no ua rau GDP tawm thiab GTP los hloov. Ntxiv mus, GTP activates alpha subunit ntawm G protein, uas ua rau dissociation ntawm G protein thiab ua raws li ib tug downstream effector molecule nyob rau hauv lub cell. GTP yog synthesized raws li ib tug by-product nyob rau hauv lub cell ib txwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm succinyl CoA rau succinate. Succinyl CoA synthetase catalyzes cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hauv Kreb voj voog.
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm ATP thiab GTP?
- ATP thiab GTP yog ob hom nucleoside triphosphates uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes.
- ob leeg yog cov organic molecules.
- Cov molecules no muaj cov suab thaj ribose pawg thiab triphosphate pawg feem ntau hauv lawv cov qauv.
- Lawv kuj muaj purine hauv paus.
- Ob lub molecules ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub zog los yog lub zog ntawm cov substrates hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv metabolic.
- Cov no yog molecular precursors ntawm DNA thiab RNA.
Qhov txawv ntawm ATP thiab GTP yog dab tsi?
ATP muaj adenine nitrogenous puag, qab zib ribose thiab triphosphate, thaum GTP muaj guanine nitrogenous puag, qab zib ribose thiab triphosphate. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ATP thiab GTP. Tsis tas li ntawd, ATP yog synthesized nyob rau hauv lub cell los ntawm ADP thiab phosphate los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb enzyme hu ua ATP synthase, thaum GTP yog synthesized raws li ib tug by-product nyob rau hauv lub cell los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm succinyl CoA rau succinate los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb enzyme hu ua succinyl CoA. synthetase.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm ATP thiab GTP hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – ATP vs GTP
ATP thiab GTP yog ob hom nucleoside triphosphates uas tseem ceeb heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes. ATP suav nrog adenine puag, qab zib ribose thiab triphosphate, thaum GTP suav nrog guanine puag, qab zib ribose thiab triphosphate. ATP yog lub zog txiaj hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tes, thaum GTP koom nrog txoj hauv kev sib txawv thiab yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev xa cov teeb liab. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ATP thiab GTP.
