Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm asph altene thiab paraffin yog tias cov tshuaj asph altene muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, thiab sulfur atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj, hos cov paraffins yog alkanes uas tsuas muaj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms.
Asph altene yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas tshwm sim hauv cov roj crude nrog rau lwm cov khoom xws li resins, aromatic hydrocarbons, thiab saturated hydrocarbons xws li alkanes. Paraffins yog alkanes, uas yog saturated hydrocarbons muaj cov tshuaj formula CnH2n+2. Qee zaum, asph altene thiab paraffin tshwm sim ua ke hauv cov organic deposits.
Asph altene yog dab tsi?
Asph altene yog cov tshuaj sib xyaw uas tshwm sim hauv cov roj crude nrog rau lwm cov khoom xws li resins, aromatic hydrocarbons, thiab saturated hydrocarbons xws li alkanes. Lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj no los ntawm nws cov distillation residue uas muaj qee qhov zoo li asph alt.
Daim duab 01: Cov qauv dav dav rau Asph altene
Feem ntau, cov asph altene feem ntau muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, thiab sulfur, nrog rau qee qhov seem ntawm vanadium thiab nickel. Hauv asph altene, carbon rau hydrogen piv feem ntau yog 1; 1.2, tab sis nws nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm asph altene. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib xyaw ua ke no feem ntau ua rau pom qhov hnyav molecular faib ntawm 400 u rau 1500 u.
Thaum xav txog cov peev txheej ntawm asph altene, cov roj hnyav, roj xuab zeb, bitumen, thiab cov roj biodegraded zoo li muaj cov roj asph altene siab heev piv rau cov roj nruab nrab API thiab cov roj teeb. Txawm li cas los xij, asph altene sib tov zoo li muab cov viscosity siab rau cov roj crude, uas cuam tshuam rau kev tsim khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv ntawm asph altene nyob rau hauv cov qauv roj sib txawv yuav ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem ntau lawm.
YParaffin yog dab tsi?
Paraffins yog alkanes, uas yog saturated hydrocarbons muaj cov tshuaj formula CnH2n+2 (qhov twg n yog tag nrho). Cov no hu ua hydrocarbons vim lawv muaj C thiab H atoms. Tag nrho cov atoms no txuas rau ib leeg los ntawm ib qho kev sib cog lus. Txij li tsis muaj ob lossis peb daim ntawv cog lus, paraffins yog saturated hydrocarbons.
Daim duab 02: Paraffin Wax
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tebchaw no yog ib pawg dav ntawm cov organic molecules. Peb tuaj yeem sau npe rau lawv raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom thiab cov pab pawg sab uas lawv muaj. Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws alkane yog methane. Hauv methane, lub hauv paus carbon atom khi nrog 4 hydrogen atoms. Lub IUPAC nomenclature ntawm paraffin yog raws li Greek prefixes.
Txhua tus paraffins tsis muaj xim thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab. Cov ntsiab lus melting thiab cov ntsiab lus boiling nce nrog qhov nce ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms. Raws li tus qauv ntsuas kub thiab siab, qee qhov ntawm lawv yog cov kua dej, thaum qee qhov yog gaseous compounds. Qhov sib txawv no yog vim lawv cov ntsiab lus kub sib txawv. Ntxiv mus, alkanes qhia isomerism. Paraffin molecule tej zaum yuav muaj cov qauv isomerism los yog stereoisomerism raws li nws cov qauv thiab spatial kev npaj ntawm lub molecule.
Qhov txawv ntawm Asph altene thiab Paraffin yog dab tsi?
Asph altene thiab paraffin yog cov khoom siv organic uas tshwm sim hauv cov roj crude. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm asph altene thiab paraffin yog tias cov tshuaj asph altene muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, thiab sulfur atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj, thaum cov paraffins yog alkanes uas tsuas muaj cov pa roj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms. Asph altene muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li paving cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txoj kev, shingles rau ru tsev thiab waterproof txheej ntawm lub hauv paus tsev, whereas paraffin siv kev kho mob, zus tau tej cov cream txias, bronzed roj, thiab pleev cov khoom, thiab lwm yam.
Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm asph altene thiab paraffin hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Asph altene vs Paraffin
Asph altene thiab paraffin yog cov khoom siv organic uas tshwm sim hauv cov roj crude. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm asph altene thiab paraffin yog tias cov tshuaj asph altene muaj cov pa roj carbon, hydrogen, oxygen thiab sulfur atoms hauv cov qauv tshuaj, hos paraffin yog alkane uas muaj cov pa roj carbon thiab hydrogen atoms xwb.
