Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm IL-2 thiab IL-15 yog tias IL-2 yog ib qho interleukin hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau tsim los ntawm cov hlwb CD4 Th1 thaum IL-15 yog ib qho interleukin hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm. dendritic cells thiab monocytes.
Interleukins (ILs) yog ib pawg ntawm cytokines. Lawv thawj zaug pom tau hais tawm hauv leukocytes, thiab lo lus interleukin tau tsim los ntawm Dr. Vern Paetkau, University of Victoria. Tib neeg genome encodes ntau tshaj 50 interleukins thiab lwm yam proteins. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau nyob ntawm interleukins. Lawv qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau tsis tshua muaj kab mob xws li kab mob autoimmune thiab tiv thaiv kab mob tsis zoo. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog synthesized los ntawm CD4 T lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, thiab endothelial hlwb. Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm T thiab B lymphocytes thiab hematopoietic hlwb. Yog li, IL-2 thiab IL-15 yog ob hom interleukins hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
IL-2 yog dab tsi?
IL-2 yog ib qho interleukin nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas yog tsim los ntawm activated CD4 Th1cells. Nws yog 15.5 rau 16 kDa protein. Cov protein no tau tshawb pom hauv xyoo 1976. Nws tswj cov haujlwm ntawm cov qe ntshav dawb (leukocytes). IL-2 yog ib qho lymphokine uas ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm T-hlwb teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws ua rau qee lub hlwb B ntawm receptor tshwj xeeb khi thiab ua raws li kev txhawb nqa rau kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov protein no zais cia ua ib qho, glycosylated polypeptide. Lub cleavage ntawm cov teeb liab kab ke no tseem ceeb heev rau nws cov dej num. NMR cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias cov qauv ntawm IL-2 muaj ib pob ntawm 4 helices flanked los ntawm ob lub luv luv helices thiab ob peb lub voj tsis zoo. Cov qauv thib ob tsom xam qhia cov qauv ntawm IL-2 zoo ib yam li IL-4 thiab granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF). Cov noob tsim tawm IL-2 nyob rau hauv chromosome 4q26 cheeb tsam.
Daim duab 01: IL-2
Tsis tas li ntawd, IL-2 yog ib feem ntawm cov lus teb rau cov kab mob microbial hauv lub cev. Nws tseem tuaj yeem cais tawm ntawm txawv teb chaws thiab tus kheej. IL-2 receptor yog ib tug complex muaj peb chains: alpha (CD25), beta (CD122), thiab gamma (CD132). Qhov no receptor yog qhia los ntawm kev tswj T hlwb, qhib T cell, CD8+ T hlwb, NK hlwb, thiab B hlwb. Qee cov pov thawj tshawb fawb qhia tias IL-2 koom nrog khaus psoriasis. Ntxiv mus, aldesleukin yog ib tug recombinant IL-2 uas tau pom zoo los ntawm FDA rau kev kho mob ntawm malignant melanoma thiab lub raum cell carcinoma.
Il-15 yog dab tsi?
IL-15 yog ib qho interleukin hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb ua kom muaj zog dendritic thiab monocytes. Nws yog 14-15 kDa protein. Cov protein no tau pom nyob rau xyoo 1994. Nws cov receptor IL-15 Rα feem ntau yog nthuav tawm los ntawm cov hlwb ua haujlwm dendritic thiab monocytes. IL-15 yog sib txuas lus los ntawm ntau lub hlwb uas tsis yog lub tshuab ua kom lub cev dendritic thiab monocytes xws li monocytes, macrophages, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, myocytes, thiab paj hlwb. IL-15 yog pleiotropic cytokine, thiab nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev thiab hloov pauv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cytokine no induces proliferation ntawm natural killer cells ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tua cov kab mob kis kab mob hauv lub cev.
Daim duab 02: IL-15
Gene tsim cov glycoprotein no yog thaj tsam 34kb hauv chromosome 4 (4q31) hauv tib neeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, IL-15 tau pom tias yuav txhim khu kev tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav ntawm CD8 + T hlwb hauv kev tshawb fawb preclinical. Yog li ntawd, IL-15 yog engineered nyob rau hauv lub chaw soj nstuam ua tshuaj tiv thaiv qog. Nws pom tias IL-15 receptor qhia tsis tuaj nyob hauv Epstein Barr tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no tau qhia tias IL-15 txhawb nqa cov kab mob tsis muaj dej cawv fatty siab thiab kab mob celiac.
Qhov Zoo sib xws ntawm IL-2 thiab IL-15 yog dab tsi?
- IL-2 thiab IL-15 yog interleukins.
- ob leeg yog protein molecules.
- Lawv yog cytokines (xws li molecules).
- Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Ob leeg koom rau plaub pawg α-helix bundle tsev neeg ntawm cytokines.
- Lawv muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo sib xws hauv kev taw qhia.
- Cov no yog siv los kho mob qog noj ntshav.
Qhov txawv ntawm IL-2 thiab IL-15 yog dab tsi?
IL-2 yog ib qho interleukin nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas yog tsim los ntawm activated CD4 Th1 hlwb thaum IL-15 yog ib qho interleukin nyob rau hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob uas yog tsim los ntawm activated dendritic hlwb thiab monocytes. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm IL-2 thiab IL-15. Tsis tas li ntawd, IL-2 yog lymphokine, thaum IL-15 tsis yog lymphokine.
Cov infographic hauv qab no teev qhov sib txawv ntawm IL-2 thiab IL-15 hauv daim ntawv teev npe rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – IL-2 vs IL-15
Interleukins yog ib txwm muaj cov proteins uas cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov hlwb. Lawv yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. IL-2 thiab IL-15 yog ob hom interleukins hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. IL-2 feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm activated CD4 Th1cells, thaum IL-15 feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm activated dendritic hlwb thiab monocytes. Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm IL-2 thiab IL-15.
