Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm piezoelectric pyroelectric thiab ferroelectric yog tias cov nyhuv piezoelectric yog lub cim ntawm tus nqi saum npoo teb rau kev siv cov kev ntxhov siab sab nraud rau cov khoom siv tab sis, cov nyhuv pyroelectric yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov polarization ntawm tus kheej. cov khoom nyob rau hauv teb rau qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyhuv ferroelectric yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi saum npoo teb rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej polarization.
Piezoelectric, pyroelectric thiab ferroelectric yog peb lo lus uas peb siv los piav txog cov khoom hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv. Peb qhov teebmeem no txawv ntawm ib leeg raws li cov lus teb uas lawv tso tawm raws li cov kev hloov pauv hauv lawv lwm yam khoom.
YPiezoelectric yog dab tsi?
Piezoelectric yog hais txog cov khoom ntawm qee cov khoom siv uas cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem khaws cov nqi hluav taws xob thaum siv cov khoom siv dag zog. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog hais txog hluav taws xob uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub siab thiab latent cua sov. Lo lus no yog los ntawm Greek, qhov twg piezin txhais tau tias nyem los yog nias thiab elektron txhais tau tias amber (qhov chaw pib ntawm hluav taws xob). Cov cuab yeej no yog hu ua piezoelectricity, thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas qhia cov cuab yeej no suav nrog cov muaju, qee yam ceramics, thiab cov teeb meem lom neeg xws li pob txha, DNA, thiab ntau yam proteins.
Feem ntau, cov nyhuv piezoelectric tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab hluav taws xob sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hauv cov ntaub ntawv crystalline tsis muaj qhov sib txawv. Ntxiv mus, cov nyhuv no yog thim rov qab raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem pom cov nyhuv piezoelectric kuj tuaj yeem nthuav tawm qhov rov qab ntawm cov nyhuv (nws yog lub cim ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob).
Daim duab 01: Tsim qhov Voltage los ntawm Piezoelectric Disk Thaum Deformation
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov nyhuv piezoelectric zoo ib yam li lub sijhawm hluav taws xob dipole hauv cov khoom khib nyiab. Peb tuaj yeem xam tau yooj yim dipole ntom lossis polarization los ntawm kev suav cov dipole moments ib ntim ntawm crystallographic unit cell. Feem ntau, cov neeg nyob sib ze dipoles zoo li nyob hauv thaj chaw hu ua Weiss domains. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib raug zoo no yog hu ua poling qhov chaw muaj zog hluav taws xob siv thoob plaws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kub siab. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv piezoelectric tsis tuaj yeem ua tau.
YPyroelectric yog dab tsi?
Pyroelectric txhais tau hais tias cov cuab yeej ntawm qee cov muaju muaj qhov hluav taws xob loj vim muaj hluav taws xob zoo li qub. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws yog lub peev xwm ntawm qee cov khib nyiab los ua kom muaj hluav taws xob ib ntus thaum cua sov lossis cua txias. Lo lus no los ntawm Greek lub ntsiab lus; pyr txhais tau tias "hluav taws" thiab "hluav taws xob." Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem hloov pauv txoj haujlwm ntawm cov atoms hauv cov qauv siv lead ua me ntsis, thiab nws hloov cov khoom siv polarization. Qhov kev hloov pauv hauv polarization tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov hluav taws xob hla ntawm cov siv lead ua. Txawm li cas los xij, lub piezoelectric teb uas ib zaug tsim maj mam ploj mus vim qhov xau tam sim no. Qhov kev xau no tshwm sim vim kev txav ntawm cov hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua, kev txav ntawm ions los ntawm huab cua, thiab tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub voltmeter uas txuas hla cov siv lead ua.
Daim duab 02: Pyroelectric Sensor
Pyroelectric effect tshwm sim vim hluav taws xob thiab thermal zog xeev uas tsis tsim cov nqi hluav taws xob kinetic. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov nyhuv piezoelectric tshwm sim vim lub zog kinetic thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tsis tsim hluav taws xob. Pyroelectric cov ntaub ntawv yog tawv thiab muaju. Tab sis tuaj yeem muaj qee cov ntaub ntawv mos thiab ua los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob.
Ferroelectric yog dab tsi?
Ferroelectric hais txog cov khoom ntawm qee cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj hluav taws xob polarization uas rov qab los ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob sab nraud. Feem ntau, tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ferroelectric yog pyroelectric, tab sis nws muaj cov cuab yeej ntxiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob rov qab los ntawm cov hluav taws xob polarization. Lub sij hawm ferroelectric los ntawm ferromagnetism, uas tau tshawb pom ua ntej kev tshawb pom ntawm ferroelectricity.
Cov khoom siv no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim tias lawv cov xwm txheej tsis raug. Feem ntau, cov capacitors no muaj ib khub ntawm electrodes uas sandwich ib txheej ntawm ferroelectric khoom. Ntxiv mus, qhov tshwm sim ntawm polarization ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ferroelectric implies ib qho hysteresis uas peb tuaj yeem siv nws hauv kev nco. Tsis tas li ntawd, ferroelectric capacitor muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev ua ferroelectric RAM.
Qhov txawv ntawm Piezoelectric Pyroelectric thiab Ferroelectric yog dab tsi?
Cov ntsiab lus piezoelectric, pyroelectric, thiab ferroelectric effect hais txog cov khoom hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm piezoelectric pyroelectric thiab ferroelectric yog tias cov nyhuv piezoelectric yog lub cim ntawm tus nqi saum npoo teb rau kev siv cov kev ntxhov siab sab nraud rau cov khoom siv. Lub caij no, cov nyhuv pyroelectric yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov tshwm sim polarization ntawm cov khoom hauv kev teb rau qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nyhuv ferroelectric yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej polarization uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi saum npoo.
Cov infographic hauv qab no nthuav tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm piezoelectric pyroelectric thiab ferroelectric nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tabular rau ib sab ntawm kev sib piv.
Summary – Piezoelectric vs Pyroelectric vs Ferroelectric
Cov nyhuv piezoelectric yog lub cim ntawm tus nqi saum npoo teb rau kev siv cov kev ntxhov siab sab nraud rau cov khoom siv, thaum cov nyhuv pyroelectric yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov polarization ntawm cov khoom hauv kev teb rau kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov nyhuv ferroelectric yog ib qho kev hloov pauv ntawm tus nqi saum npoo teb rau qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus kheej polarization. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm piezoelectric pyroelectric thiab ferroelectric.
