Qhov txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas boson thiab Higgs boson yog qhov ntsuas bosons muaj qhov sib tw ntawm 1, hos Higgs bosons muaj xoom kiv.
Gauge bosons thiab Higgs bosons yog bosonic hais peb tham nyob rau hauv elementary hais hauv particle physics.
Gauge Boson yog dab tsi?
Gauge boson yog ib daim ntawv ntawm lub cev muaj zog uas tuaj yeem nqa ib qho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov xwm txheej uas muaj npe ua rog. Nws yog ib hom bosonic particle. Feem ntau, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas raws li lawv nyiam sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg los ntawm kev sib pauv ntawm cov ntsuas bosons. Cov khoom no ua raws li cov khoom siv virtual.
Daim duab 01: Txawv Elementary Particles
Feem ntau, qhov ntsuas bosons peb paub muaj qhov tig ntawm 1. Yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem hais tias txhua qhov ntsuas bosons yog vector bosons. Ntxiv mus, cov bosonic hais txawv ntawm lwm hom boson hais xws li Higgs bosons, mesons, thiab lwm yam.
Thaum xav txog tus qauv qauv ntawm particle physics, peb tuaj yeem paub txog 4 hom kev ntsuas bosons xws li photons, W bosons, Z bosons, thiab gluons. Photons yog cov khoom uas muaj kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm electromagnetic, thaum W thiab Z bosons zoo li muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis muaj zog, thiab gluons tuaj yeem muaj kev sib cuam tshuam zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tsis tuaj yeem pom cov gluons cais vim tias lawv raug kaw cov xim (xim tsis tuaj yeem raug rho tawm; yog li, peb tsis tuaj yeem saib cov khoom no ncaj qha rau hauv ib txwm muaj).
Higgs Boson yog dab tsi?
Higgs boson yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yog tsim los ntawm quantum excitation ntawm Higgs teb. Higgs teb yog ib qho ntawm cov teb hauv particle physics txoj kev xav. Peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas Higgs boson particle raws li qhov loj scalar boson muaj xoom kiv thiab tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Ntxiv mus, nws tsis muaj nqi xim. Peb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov khoom no ua ib qho tsis ruaj khov boson uas tuaj yeem ua kom lwj mus rau lwm cov khoom tam sim ntawd. Cov khoom no tau raug hu ua tus kws kho mob Peter Higgs rau qhov kev tshawb pom.
Daim duab 02: Peter Higgs uas tau tsim Higgs Bosons
Xav txog kev tsim cov khoom ntawm Higgs boson particle, peb tuaj yeem tsim nws zoo ib yam li kev tsim khoom ntawm lwm cov khoom hauv cov khoom sib tsoo. Ntawm no, peb yuav tsum tau ceev ntau cov khoom kom tau txais lub zog siab heev thiab tsis tshua muaj siab rau qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb, uas tso cai rau lawv sib tsoo ua ke. Vim muaj lub zog loj ntawm cov kev sib tsoo no, peb tuaj yeem qee zaus tau cov khoom esoteric xav tau.
Qhov txawv ntawm Gauge Boson thiab Higgs Boson yog dab tsi?
Gauge bosons thiab Higgs bosons yog ob yam sib txawv ntawm bosonic particles uas tuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov teeb meem. Gauge boson yog ib daim ntawv ntawm lub cev muaj zog uas tuaj yeem nqa ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov xwm txheej uas muaj npe hu ua rog, thaum Higgs boson yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yog tsim los ntawm quantum excitation ntawm Higgs teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas boson thiab Higgs boson yog qhov ntsuas bosons muaj qhov sib tw ntawm 1, thaum lub kiv ntawm Higgs bosons yog xoom.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas boson thiab Higgs boson hauv daim ntawv teev npe.
Summary – Gauge Boson vs Higgs Boson
Gauge bosons thiab Higgs bosons yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Lub ntsuas bosons tau muab npe tom qab tus kws tshawb fawb Paul Dirac thaum Higgs bosons tau muab npe tom qab tus kws tshawb fawb Peter Higgs uas nrhiav tau lawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuas boson thiab Higgs boson yog qhov ntsuas bosons muaj qhov sib tw ntawm 1, thaum lub kiv ntawm Higgs bosons yog xoom.
