Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg yog tias ABO cov ntshav pab pawg yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj cov antigens A thiab B nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, thaum Rh ntshav pab pawg ua raws. ntawm qhov muaj lossis tsis muaj Rh antigen (Rh factor) ntawm cov cell membranes ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.
ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg faib cov pab pawg ntshav raws li qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov ntshav cell membranes. ABO blood grouping system txiav txim siab qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj A thiab B antigens, thaum Rh ntshav pab pawg txiav txim siab muaj thiab tsis muaj Rh antigens. ABO system yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshav pab pawg siv los ua kom haum rau cov ntshav ntawm cov neeg pub dawb thiab txais cov tshuaj hloov ntshav. Rh system yog qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshav pab pawg.
ABO Blood Grouping System yog dab tsi?
ABO cov ntshav pab pawg faib cov ntshav raws li qhov muaj nyob ntawm ib qho, ob qho tib si lossis tsis yog ntawm A thiab B antigens ntawm erythrocytes (cov ntshav liab). Cov ntshav pab pawg no tau tshawb pom los ntawm Karl Landsteiner hauv xyoo 1901. Raws li ABO cov ntshav pab pawg, ib tus neeg tuaj yeem nqa hom A, hom B, hom O, lossis hom AB ntshav. Thaum cov txheej txheem no raug txheeb xyuas, kev hloov ntshav tau nyab xeeb dua. Cov ntshav hom O tsis qhia A lossis B antigens, thaum cov ntshav hom AB qhia ob qho tib si A thiab B antigens. Hom ntshav B qhia B antigens thaum ntshav hom A qhia A antigens. Ib lub noob hu ua ABO noob nyob rau ntawm chromosome 9 ntawm 9q34.1-q34.2 cov lej rau ABO cov ntshav. Nws muaj peb lub ntsiab allelic forms: A, B, thiab O.
Daim duab 01: ABO Blood Grouping System
ABO system yog siv los ua kom haum rau hom ntshav ntawm cov neeg pub thiab txais cov ntshav. Cov neeg uas muaj ntshav O yog suav tias yog cov neeg pub dawb thoob ntiaj teb vim lawv tuaj yeem pub ntshav rau txhua tus. Cov neeg muaj ntshav AB tuaj yeem txais cov ntshav los ntawm ib tus neeg pub dawb. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog universal txais. Cov neeg muaj hom A lossis B tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntshav sib xws lossis hom O.
Rh Blood Grouping System yog dab tsi?
Rh ntshav pab pawg yog qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshav pab pawg tom qab ABO system. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag thiab tsis muaj Rh yam los yog immunogenic D-antigen nyob rau hauv cov ntshav liab daim nyias nyias. Yog tias muaj Rh antigen, hom ntshav yog Rh zoo. Thaum Rh yam tsis muaj, hom ntshav yog Rh tsis zoo.
Daim duab 02: Rh Blood Grouping System (1. Rh positive cell, 2. Rh negative cell)
Muaj ntau dua 50 cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv Rh ntshav pawg. Txawm li cas los xij, D antigen yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tshaj plaws. Lwm cov antigens tseem ceeb yog C, c, E, thiab e. Ob txoj kab txuas txuas; RhD thiab RhCE code rau Rh antigens. Rh yam yog qhov ua rau muaj kab mob hemolytic hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab (HDN).
Dab tsi zoo sib xws ntawm ABO thiab Rh Blood Grouping System?
- ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg faib cov pab pawg ntshav raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj nyob rau ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.
- Ob lub tshuab yog siv thaum muab ntshav.
Qhov txawv ntawm ABO thiab Rh Blood Grouping System yog dab tsi?
ABO cov ntshav pab pawg yog cov kab mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas faib cov ntshav raws li qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj A thiab B antigens ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Ntawm qhov tod tes, Rh blood grouping system yog qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv pawg ntshav uas faib cov ntshav raws li qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj Rh antigens ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg. Ntxiv mus, ib lub noob npe hu ua ABO gene codes rau antigens ntawm ABO system, thaum ob lub noob txuas, RhD thiab RhCE, code rau Rh antigens. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg.
Cov hauv qab no infographic tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg rau kev sib piv ib sab.
Summary – ABO vs Rh Blood Grouping System
ABO cov ntshav pab pawg yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov ntshav pawg hauv cov tshuaj hloov ntshav. Cov kab ke no faib cov ntshav raws li qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj A thiab B antigens nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. Muaj plaub hom ntshav (A, B, AB thiab O) hauv ABO system. Rh ntshav pab pawg yog qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntshav pab pawg. Nws yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj thiab tsis muaj Rh antigen ntawm cov ntshav liab daim nyias nyias. Yog hais tias tus Rh factor yog tam sim no, ib tug neeg yog rhesus zoo (Rh + ve). Yog tias tsis muaj Rh factor, tus neeg mob yog rhesus negative (Rh-ve). Yog li, qhov no yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ABO thiab Rh ntshav pab pawg.
