Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm depolarization thiab hyperpolarization yog tias nyob rau hauv depolarization, sodium channels qhib, cia Na + ions ntws mus rau hauv lub cell, ua rau daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm tsis zoo, thaum nyob rau hauv hyperpolarization, tshaj poov tshuaj channel qhib, cia K + ions rau ntws tawm ntawm tes, ua rau daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm tsis zoo dua li lub peev xwm so.
Qhov peev xwm ua tau yog hom uas cov neurons xa hluav taws xob teeb liab. Nws tshwm sim thaum lub neuron xa cov ntaub ntawv raws li axon deb ntawm lub cev ntawm tes. Muaj peb theem tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tau zoo. Lawv yog depolarization, repolarization thiab hyperpolarization. Depolarization ua rau muaj peev xwm ua tau. Depolarization tshwm sim thaum sab hauv ntawm tes ua tsis zoo. Na+ channels qhib thiab tso cai Na+ ions nkag mus rau hauv lub xov tooj, ua rau nws tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias mus ntawm -70 mV rau 0 mV hauv depolarization. Hyperpolarization tshwm sim thaum sab hauv ntawm lub cell ua qhov tsis zoo txawm tias qhov qub so muaj peev xwm. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev qhib K+ channels, cia ntau K+ ions ntws tawm ntawm lub xov tooj. Membrane muaj peev xwm mus ntawm -70 mV rau -90 mV hauv hyperpolarization.
Dab tsi yog Depolarization?
Depolarization yog txheej txheem uas ua rau muaj peev xwm ua tau. Depolarization ua rau muaj peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias thiab ua rau nws tsis zoo. Tom qab ntawd lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias hla tus nqi pib ntawm -55 mV. Ntawm qhov pib qhov tseem ceeb, sodium channels qhib thiab tso cai rau sodium ions ntws mus rau hauv lub cell. Kev nkag mus ntawm sodium ions ua rau daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm zoo dua thiab nce mus txog +40 mV tua lub peev xwm ua haujlwm. Depolarization yog lub sijhawm nce ntawm daim nyias nyias. Feem ntau, nws mus ntawm -70 mV rau +40 mV.
Daim duab 01: Kev Ua Tau Zoo hauv Neuron
Thaum lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias mus txog qhov muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, cov xov tooj ntawm sodium inactivate lawv tus kheej, txwv tsis pub cov dej ntws ntawm sodium ions. Tom qab ntawd lub repolarization los yog lub caij poob pib. Potassium channels qhib, tso cai rau cov poov tshuaj ions ntws tawm ntawm lub cell. Thaum kawg, lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias rov qab los rau qhov muaj peev xwm so li qub.
Hyperpolarization yog dab tsi?
Hyperpolarization yog qhov tshwm sim uas ua rau daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm tsis zoo dua li qhov muaj peev xwm so. Qhov no tshwm sim raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov poov tshuaj ntau dhau uas tseem qhib. Hauv lwm lo lus, hyperpolarization tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob potassium nyob qhib me ntsis ntev dua li qhov xav tau. Qhov no ua rau cov poov tshuaj ntau dhau los ntawm lub cell. Membrane muaj peev xwm mus ntawm -70 mV rau -90 mV vim hyperpolarization. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab qee lub sij hawm, cov poov tshuaj channel kaw, thiab cov membrane muaj peev xwm stabilizes lub peev xwm so. Ntxiv mus, sodium channels rov qab mus rau lawv lub xeev qub.
Dab tsi yog qhov zoo sib xws ntawm Depolarization thiab Hyperpolarization?
- Hyperpolarization yog tus txheej txheem rov qab ntawm depolarization.
- Ob leeg tshwm sim thaum ion channels hauv daim nyias nyias qhib lossis kaw.
- Lawv tsim muaj peev xwm muab qhab nia.
Qhov txawv ntawm Depolarization thiab Hyperpolarization yog dab tsi?
Depolarization ua rau daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm tsawg, qhov tsis zoo ua rau muaj peev xwm ua tau, thaum hyperpolarization ua rau daim nyias nyias muaj peev xwm tsis zoo dua li qhov muaj peev xwm so. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm depolarization thiab hyperpolarization.
Cov hauv qab no infographic teev ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm depolarization thiab hyperpolarization.
Summary – Depolarization vs Hyperpolarization
Depolarization thiab hyperpolarization yog ob theem ntawm daim nyias nyias. Hauv depolarization, lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias yog qhov tsis zoo, thaum nyob rau hauv hyperpolarization, lub peev xwm ntawm daim nyias nyias yog qhov tsis zoo, txawm tias muaj peev xwm so. Tsis tas li ntawd, depolarization tshwm sim vim qhov nkag ntawm sodium ions mus rau hauv lub cell, thaum hyperpolarization tshwm sim vim muaj cov poov tshuaj ntau dhau ntawm lub cell. Hauv depolarization, sodium channels qhib, thaum nyob rau hauv hyperpolarization, potassium channels tseem qhib. Yog li, qhov no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm depolarization thiab hyperpolarization.
