Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pyrrole pyridine thiab piperidine yog lawv qhov pib. Pyrrole yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab pyridine yog qhov yooj yim nruab nrab, hos piperidine yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws.
Pyrrole, pyridine thiab piperidine yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj nitrogen atoms hauv lawv cov qauv tshuaj. Cov tebchaw no yog cov tebchaw yooj yim (tawm tsam rau acidic).
Pyrrole yog dab tsi?
Pyrrole yog cov organic compound uas muaj tsib lub nplhaib qauv nrog cov tshuaj formula C4H4NH. Qhov no yog ib qho heterocyclic compound uas muaj nitrogen atom pab tsim lub nplhaib qauv, nrog rau plaub lwm carbon atoms. Pyrrole yog cov kua tsis muaj xim thiab tsis muaj xim ntawm chav tsev kub. Thaum raug huab cua ib txwm, cov kua ntawm pyrrole yooj yim darkens, uas ua rau yuav tsum tau ntxuav nws ua ntej siv. Peb tuaj yeem ua kom huv ntawm distillation tam sim ua ntej siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua no muaj ntxhiab tsw qab.
Tsis zoo li qee lwm tsib-tus tswv cuab heterocyclic rings xws li furan thiab thiophene, qhov sib xyaw no muaj dipole uas qhov zoo ntawm lub nplhaib yog nyob ntawm heteroatom (-NH pab pawg dais tus nqi zoo). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsis muaj zog uas tsis muaj zog.
Pyrrole muaj nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm pyrrole. Piv txwv li, vitamin B12, bile pigments xws li bilirubin, porphyrins, thiab lwm yam, yog pyrrole derivatives. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib xyaw no yog tshuaj lom me ntsis. Hauv kev lag luam nplai, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov pyrrole los ntawm kev kho furan nrog ammonia. Tab sis qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo ib yam.
YPyridine yog dab tsi?
Pyridine yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj cov tshuaj formula C5H5N. Nws yog heterocyclic compound. Cov qauv ntawm pyridine zoo li cov qauv ntawm benzene, qhov twg ib pawg methyl hloov los ntawm nitrogen atom. Ntxiv mus, pyridine yog ib qho tsis muaj zog alkaline compound, thiab nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov kua uas nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug viscous kua. Tsis tas li ntawd, pyridine tsis muaj xim thiab muaj cov ntxhiab tsw zoo li ntses. Ntxiv mus, cov kua no yog dej-soluble thiab yog heev flammable.
Pyridine yog ib yam tshuaj diamagnetic. Cov qauv ntawm pyridine molecule yog hexagon. Hauv cov qauv no, C-N daim ntawv cog lus luv dua C-C daim ntawv cog lus. Pyridine crystallizes nyob rau hauv lub orthorhombic crystal system. Txawm li cas los xij, cov pyridine molecule yog cov qauv tsis muaj hluav taws xob vim tias muaj ntau cov electronegative nitrogen atom. Yog li ntawd, nws nyhav dhau los ntawm electrophilic aromatic hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lwm qhov laj thawj rau lub peev xwm no yog qhov muaj ib leeg electron khub ntawm nitrogen atom.
Hais txog kev siv cov pyridine, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov tshuaj tua kab, raws li cov polar-basic hnyav, raws li Karl Fischer reagent hauv organic synthesis, thiab lwm yam.
Piperidine yog dab tsi?
Piperidine yog cov organic compound uas muaj cov tshuaj formula (CH 2) 5 NH. Cov tshuaj no tshwm sim raws li ib tug rau-tus tswv cuab cyclic qauv uas yog heterocyclic. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv no, muaj nitrogen atom ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm cyclic qauv ntxiv rau tsib carbon atoms. Yog li, nws yog heterocyclic amine. Piperidine zoo li cov kua tsis muaj xim thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw zoo li amine. Tsis tas li ntawd, piperidine yog miscible nrog dej, thiab nws cov kua aqueous muaj acidity siab.
Txoj kev qub ntawm kev tsim piperidine yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm piperine thiab nitric acid. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem tsim nws hauv kev lag luam-teev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrogenation ntawm pyridine. Cov txheej txheem no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm molybdenum disulfide catalyst. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem tau txais piperidine los ntawm kev txo cov pyridine los ntawm kev hloov kho Birch txo cov txheej txheem siv sodium hauv ethanol. Txawm li cas los xij, peb tuaj yeem tau txais piperidine ncaj qha los ntawm kev rho tawm los ntawm cov kua txob dub.
Thaum xav txog cov qauv tshuaj ntawm piperidine, nws muaj lub rooj zaum zoo ib yam li cyclohexane. Muaj ob lub rooj zaum sib txawv ntawm qhov sib xyaw no. Ib qho muaj N-H daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm axial thaum lwm qhov kev lees paub muaj nws nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm equatorial.
Piperidine yog ib qho tshuaj thib ob. Nws yog dav siv los hloov ketones rau hauv enamines. Cov enamines tuaj yeem siv rau Stork enamine alkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, piperidine yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj thiab ua lub hauv paus. Hauv kev lag luam, piperidine yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov dipiperidinyl dithiuram tetrasulfide (ib qho accelerator rau sulfur vulcanization ntawm roj hmab).
Qhov txawv ntawm Pyrrole Pyridine thiab Piperidine yog dab tsi?
Pyrrole, pyridine thiab piperidine yog cov organic tebchaw. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pyrrole pyridine thiab piperidine yog pyrrole yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws thiab pyridine yog nruab nrab, hos piperidine yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws.
Cov infographic hauv qab no qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm pyrrole pyridine thiab piperidine hauv daim ntawv tabular.
Summary – Pyrrole vs Pyridine vs Piperidine
Pyrrole, pyridine thiab piperidine yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj nitrogen atoms hauv lawv cov qauv tshuaj. Cov tebchaw no yog cov ntsiab lus yooj yim. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm pyrrole, pyridine thiab piperidine yog pyrrole yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, thiab pyridine yog nruab nrab, hos piperidine yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws.
