Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm gallium thiab mercury yog tias gallium muaj qhov ntom ntom heev piv rau mercury.
Gallium thiab mercury yog cov tshuaj lom neeg tshwj xeeb uas tshwm sim hauv cov kua hauv lub xeev ze ntawm chav tsev kub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias mercury yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua hauv chav tsev kub thaum gallium ua kua ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ze ntawm chav tsev kub. Lawv yaj tau yooj yim vim lawv qhov ntsuas kub qis qis.
Gallium yog dab tsi?
Gallium yog cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj atomic naj npawb 31 thiab cov cim tshuaj Ga. Cov tshuaj no yog nyob rau hauv pawg 13 ntawm lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thiab yog ib tug p-block element. Thiab, lub teeb tsa hluav taws xob ntawm gallium yog [Ar]3d104s24p1
Gallium tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov khoom-lub xeev ntawm chav tsev kub tab sis yooj yim hloov mus rau hauv cov kua hauv lub xeev nyob ze ntawm chav tsev kub (lub melting point ntawm cov hlau no yog hais txog 29 Celsius degrees). Nws melts yooj yim ntawm peb txhais tes vim nws melting point yog zoo hauv qab lub cev kub ntawm ib tug neeg noj qab nyob zoo. Ntxiv mus, cov hlau no tsis tshwm sim raws li cov khoom dawb hauv cov xwm txheej. Lawm, nws tshwm sim hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv nws lub xeev oxidation +3. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob hauv zinc ores thiab bauxite ntxhia.
Peb tuaj yeem tau txais gallium yooj yim los ntawm cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av. Hauv nws lub xeev ntshiab heev, gallium tuaj yeem tawg conchoidally zoo ib yam li iav. Thaum solidification, gallium nthuav tawm los ntawm 3% los ntawm nws cov kua hauv lub xeev. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob khaws cov kua gallium hauv cov thawv me me vim tias lub thawv tuaj yeem tawg thaum gallium solidifies.
Ntxiv mus, gallium yog tsim los ua cov khoom lag luam thaum lub sijhawm ua cov ore ntawm lwm cov hlau. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm gallium yog bauxite. Nws yog lub hauv paus hlau ore rau txhuas hlau. Cov txheej txheem Bayer yog cov txheej txheem kev lag luam uas txhuas tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov ore thaum tsim cov gallium ua cov khoom lag luam.
Muaj ntau daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb ntawm gallium, suav nrog kev tsim cov khoom siv semiconductor, tsim cov gadolinium gallium garnets, tsim cov gallium alloys, biomedical applications, thiab neutrino nrhiav.
Mercury yog dab tsi?
Mercury yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj lub cim Hg thiab atomic naj npawb 80. Nws yog tib yam hlau uas tshwm sim hauv nws cov kua hauv lub xeev ntawm chav tsev kub thiab siab. Nws zoo nkaus li ci, silvery kua. Peb tuaj yeem pom mercury hauv cov pob zeb hauv av, hauv daim ntawv ntawm mercuric sulfide. Txawm li cas los xij, cov hlau no yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb lub pob zeb.
Mercury tuaj yeem pom zoo li cov hlau ua kua hnyav uas muaj hluav taws xob tsis zoo piv rau lwm cov hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom mercury yog malleable thiab ductile thiab tuaj yeem txiav nrog rab riam. Cov tshuaj no tsis cuam tshuam nrog feem ntau cov kua qaub xws li dilute sulfuric acid, tab sis qee cov oxidizing acids xws li concentrated sulfuric acid thiab nitric acid, aqua regia tuaj yeem yaj cov hlau no kom muab sulfate, nitrate thiab chloride cov ntaub ntawv mercury. Ntxiv mus, mercury tuaj yeem yaj ntau cov hlau xws li kub thiab nyiaj, tsim cov amalgams.
Qhov txawv ntawm Gallium thiab Mercury yog dab tsi?
Gallium thiab mercury yog cov hlau paub zoo uas yooj yim yaj vim lawv qhov ntsuas kub qis. Gallium yooj yim yaj ntawm peb txhais tes vim tias nws qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov qis dua peb lub cev kub. Mercury twb yog kua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm gallium thiab mercury yog tias gallium muaj qhov ceev tsawg heev piv rau mercury.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no-daim duab tabulates qhov sib txawv ntawm gallium thiab mercury.
Summary – Gallium vs Mercury
Gallium yooj yim yaj ntawm peb txhais tes vim tias nws qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov qis dua peb lub cev kub. Mercury twb yog kua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm gallium thiab mercury yog tias gallium muaj qhov ceev tsawg heev piv rau mercury.
