Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm N-butane thiab Cyclobutane yog n-butane yog ib yam khoom aliphatic, whereas cyclobutane yog cyclic compound.
Butane yog ib qho organic compound uas muaj plaub carbon atoms, thiab nws yog ib qho alkane compound vim tias nws tsuas muaj covalent chemical bonds xwb (tsis muaj ob lossis triple bonds). Cov plaub carbon atoms no tuaj yeem tau txais kev sib txawv tsim cov sib txawv xws li aliphatic compounds, cyclic compounds, thiab branched compounds. N-butane thiab cyclobutane yog ob ntawm cov tshuaj no.
N-Butane yog dab tsi?
N-butane yog alkane muaj cov tshuaj formula C4H10. Nws tshwm sim raws li ib tug roj ntawm chav tsev kub thiab atmospheric siab tej yam kev mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, butane yog cov roj uas muaj hluav taws kub heev, thiab nws tsis muaj xim thiab muaj ntxhiab tsw zoo li roj av. N-butane yog aliphatic compound; lub ntsiab lus, nws muaj cov qauv tsis-cyclic. Butane gas yog yooj yim liquefied thiab sai vaporizes ntawm chav tsev kub; yog li ntawd, peb tuaj yeem siv nws ua roj.
Daim duab 1: Cov qauv ntawm n-butane
Ntxiv mus, n-butane tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob daim ntawv ua tsis muaj n-butane thiab ceg n-butane lossis isobutene. Nyob rau hauv lub unbranched qauv, lub molecule tsis muaj ceg, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub branched qauv, muaj ib tug methyl ceg txuas mus rau ib tug peb-carbon linear qauv. Ob lub npe no yog cov qauv isomers lossis conformations ntawm butane.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov roj hlawv butane ua rau cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab dej vapor yog tias muaj cov pa oxygen txaus nyob hauv cov pa sib xyaw. Yog tias cov pa oxygen tsawg, ces qhov kev sib txuas ntawm butane tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide lossis carbon monoxide nrog rau cov dej vapor.
Txawm hais txog kev siv, muaj kev siv cov roj butane sib txawv xws li siv rau cov txheej txheem roj av sib xyaw, ua cov tshuaj tsw qab extraction hnyav, ua cov khoom noj rau kev tsim cov ethylene thiab butadiene, ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov roj hmab hluavtaws., etc.
YCyclobutane yog dab tsi?
Cyclobutane yog ib qho alkane muaj cov tshuaj formula C4H8. Nws yog cov qauv cyclic uas tshwm sim raws li cov roj tsis muaj xim, thiab nws yog cov khoom lag luam muaj nyob hauv cov roj liquefied. Tus qauv yog raws li nram no:
Daim duab 2: Cov qauv ntawm Cyclobutane
Thaum xav txog cov qauv ntawm cyclobutane, cov ces kaum ntawm cov pa roj carbon atom raug strained, thiab yog li cov nyiaj no muaj cov nyiaj qis qis dua li cov kab sib txuas lossis tsis muaj cov hydrocarbons. Ntxiv mus, cyclobutane tsis ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov qauv ntawm cov compound no tsis yog planar; nws muaj "puckered" conformation. Hauv qhov kev sib haum xeeb no, cov molecule tuaj yeem txo qee qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm eclipsing.
Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev npaj cyclobutane, suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm 1, 4-dihalobutnae rau hauv cyclobutane thaum dehalogenation nrog txo cov hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, alkenes tuaj yeem ua rau dimerization ntawm irradiation nrog UV teeb los tsim cyclobutane.
Qhov txawv ntawm N-butane thiab Cyclobutane yog dab tsi?
Butane yog cov organic compound uas muaj cov tshuaj formula C4H10. N-butane thiab cyclobutane yog ob butane compounds nrog cov qauv sib txawv. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm n-butane thiab cyclobutane yog n-butane yog ib qho khoom aliphatic, hos cyclobutane yog cyclic compound. Ntxiv mus, peb tuaj yeem npaj n-butane los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov pa roj thaum cyclopentane yog tsim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm 1, 4-dihalobutnae rau hauv cyclobutane thaum lub dehalogenation nrog txo cov hlau.
Hauv qab infographic teev ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm n-butane thiab cyclobutane.
Summary
N-butane yog alkane muaj cov tshuaj formula C4H10. Cyclobutane yog alkane muaj cov tshuaj formula C4H8. Muaj peev xwm sib txawv ntawm plaub carbon atoms hauv butane molecule. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm n-butane thiab cyclobutane yog n-butane yog ib yam khoom aliphatic, whereas cyclobutane yog cyclic compound.
